RL.25.3 Performing laboratory tests of minerals, rocks, water, and soil
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Geotourism in the world
1. Film in the standard version.
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2. Film with subtitles.
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3. Film with subtitles and pauses. Listen and repeat after the speaker.
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4. Film with subtitles and narration.
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classicmobile
Exercise 1
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Exercise 1
classicmobile
Exercise 2
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Solve the exercise. Rozwiąż ćwiczenie.
Solve the exercise. Rozwiąż ćwiczenie.
After familiarizing yourself with the film “Geotourism in the world”, match the Polish words/phrases with their English equivalents. Po zapoznaniu się z filmem „Geoturystyka na świecie”, połącz polskie słowa/zwroty z ich angielskimi odpowiednikami.
Source: Fundacja na Rzecz Rozwoju Polskiego Rolnictwa / Eduexpert Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Exercise 2
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Geological forms and phenomena as an example of geotourist sites
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classicmobile
Exercise 3
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Solve the exercise. Rozwiąż ćwiczenie.
Solve the exercise. Rozwiąż ćwiczenie.
After watching the animation “Geological forms and phenomena as an example of geotourist sites”, decide whether the sentences are true or false. Po obejrzeniu animacji „Formy i zjawiska geologiczne jako przykład stanowisk geoturystycznych”, zdecyduj, czy twierdzenia są prawdziwe, czy fałszywe.
Prawda
Fałsz
Geosites have scientific and landscape significance.
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Historic buildings can be geotouristic sites.
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Mines and quarries cannot be made available in the form of geotouristic sights.
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Geological phenomena include processes that last a thousand or millions of years, such as the drift of continents.
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Geotourist sights and phenomena create a joint category of geotourist attractions.
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Geotourist attractions are found in protected areas of landscape parks and nature reserves more and more often.
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Volcanoes, waterfalls, rocks and caves can be a geotourist site.
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Fossils, rocks and minerals are gathered in oceanariums.
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Source: Fundacja na Rzecz Rozwoju Polskiego Rolnictwa / Eduexpert Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Exercise 3
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How to design a geotourist route?
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classicmobile
Exercise 4
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Exercise 4
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Visiting the „Wieliczka” salt mine
During an employee meeting, a geologist introduces a geotourist route to the guides. The geologist informs them how to present information about the geological history of the object to tourists.
Na zebraniu pracowniczym geolog przedstawia przewodnikom zaprojektowaną trasę geoturystyczną. Informuje jak mają przedstawiać turystom wiedzę o historii geologicznej obiektu.
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Geologist: Welcome to the “Wieliczka” salt minem8573639ef78abab0_1497279637332_0salt mine. My task is to present the geological history of this object in order to help you give reliable information to tourists.
Guide: What routes have been designated here?
Geologist: I want to propose a description of two routes: a tourist route and a mining route. Let's start with the one easier to walk.
Guide: Please, continue. We’ll take notes.
Geologist: The deposit was created in the Miocene periodm8573639ef78abab0_1497279718401_0Miocene period, about 15 million years ago. The hot climate caused the sea reservoir to dry out.
Guide: I have a question about the sight with the depicted people from theNeolithicm8573639ef78abab0_1497279733582_0Neolithicperiod. Did people already use the resources of the mine in the Stone Age?
Geologist: Yes. At first, they used the saline springsm8573639ef78abab0_1497279738479_0saline springs on the surface of the Earth. They brewed, in other words boiled the brinem8573639ef78abab0_1497279743621_0brine extracted from the spring. Later, deeper wells were drilled, and finally shaftsm8573639ef78abab0_1497279748379_0shafts.
Guide: The next point of the route is the chapel of St. Kinga.
Geologist: Here, we draw special attention to the fact that the floor was made of a homogeneous solid body. The chandeliers are made of salt crystals. Let's move on to the „Groty Kryształowe” nature reserve.
Guide: Stop no. 4 is the „Groty Kryształowe” nature reserve and its huge crystals of halite...
Geologist: …Crystals with an isomorphic shapem8573639ef78abab0_1497279753543_0isomorphic shape, in the form of a cube. Remember that some specimens from these caves have been handed over to the largest museums in the world, such as the Museum of Natural History in Vienna.
Guide: Please, tell us more.
Geologist: At the top, we can see stalactitesm8573639ef78abab0_1497279762480_0stalactites resembling icicles. We can also see stalagmitesm8573639ef78abab0_1497279767416_0stalagmites growing from the bottom of the cave. It’s a precipitate of calcium carbonate.
Guide: And what if they join?
Geologist: Then stalagnatesm8573639ef78abab0_1497279772536_0stalagnates are created.
Guide: And what sights will we discuss on the mining route?
Geologist: Mining excavationm8573639ef78abab0_1497279777622_0Mining excavation sights. You’ll need to go through the corridors of the Regis shaft.
Guide: Will we get a written text about the route?
Geologist: Of course, you’ll also get a map with the tour directions. And now, I invite you to walk the route.
classicmobile
Exercise 5
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Exercise 5
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kopalnia soli
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okres mioceński
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neolit
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źródła solankowe
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solanka
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szyby
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pokrój izomorficzny
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stalaktyty
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stalagmity
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stalagnaty
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wyrobiska górnicze
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Trip to the open mine pit in Sieniawa
A geologist guides the visitors around the smallest open pit lignite mine.
Geolog oprowadza zwiedzających po terenie najmniejszej kopalni odkrywkowej węgla brunatnego.
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Geologist: Good morning. You’re in the open pit minem8573639ef78abab0_1497292341857_0open pit mine **of lignite in Sieniawa.
Visitors: Since when does the mine function?
Geologist: It has been operating since 1873. At first, it was an underground minem8573639ef78abab0_1497292338305_0underground mine extracting lignitem8573639ef78abab0_1497292330786_0lignite, the only one in Poland.
Visitors: At what depth is the deposit here?
Geologist: At the depth of 40m. What's important, we don’t disturb the deep waters.
Visitors: I think there are sands on the***heap.***m8573639ef78abab0_1497292326285_0***heap.***
Geologist: The deposit has folded structures, formed during the quaternary glaciation. The lignite depositsm8573639ef78abab0_1497292312053_0deposits are between sands, clays and gravels.
Visitors: Where exactly is the lignate located?
Geologist: It’s located in a dozen or so separate heights - upfoldsm8573639ef78abab0_1497292307534_0upfolds, and the thillm8573639ef78abab0_1497292302003_0thill of the deposit is strongly inclined even at an angle of 45 degrees.
Visitors: How long will it be possible to mine the deposit?
Geologist: The current licensem8573639ef78abab0_1497292294450_0license allows for mining until 2063. Please, take a look at the geological cross sections and the balance depositsm8573639ef78abab0_1497292283746_0balance deposits.
Visitors: What is the origin of these rocks?
Geologist: Dead plant debris accumulated in anaerobic conditions initiated the process of the rocks’ emergence in the Neogenem8573639ef78abab0_1497292278430_0Neogene.
Visitors: What exactly is lignite intended for?
Geologist: The lignite goes to individual consumers and to coal‑fired power plants.
Visitors: I must admit that the land after reclamation looks just like a forest. It’s hard to believe that it used to be a mine area.
Geologist: Yes, you can get some fresh air in the area of the open pitm8573639ef78abab0_1497292272551_0open pit now. Let's move on.
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kopalnia odkrywkowa
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kopalnia podziemna
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classicmobile
Exercise 6
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Solve the exercise. Rozwiąż ćwiczenie.
Solve the exercise. Rozwiąż ćwiczenie.
After familiarizing yourself with the hypertext “Trip to the open pit mine in Sieniawa”, match the Polish words/phrases with their English equivalents. Po zapoznaniu się z hipertekstem „Wycieczka do kopalni odkrywkowej w Sieniawie”, połącz polskie słowa/terminy z ich angielskimi odpowiednikami.
upfolds, balance deposits, heap, deposits, thill, license, open pit mine, underground mine, open pit, lignite
kopalnia odkrywkowa
kopalnia podziemna
węgiel brunatny
zwałowisko
złoża
siodła
spąg
koncesja
złoża bilansowe
odkrywka
Source: Fundacja na Rzecz Rozwoju Polskiego Rolnictwa / Eduexpert Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Exercise 6
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węgiel brunatny
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zwałowisko
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złoża
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siodła
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spąg
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koncesja
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złoża bilansowe
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neogen
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odkrywka
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Designing a new geotourist route in the St. Anne Mountain geopark
A geologist informs a colleague via email about the geologist’s observations regarding the designing of a new geotourist route.
Geolog w mailu do kolegi z pracy informuje o obserwacjach dotyczących tworzenia nowej ścieżki geoturystycznej.
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Subject: Project of a new geotourist route, July 1, 2018.
Adam, I’m writing to you about the project of a new geotourist route in the St. Anne Mountain ***geopark.***m8573639ef78abab0_1497302764422_0***geopark.***
In the introduction of our guide, let’s write that the park is the highest point of the Chełm Ridge, and is 404m above sea level. At its peak, you can admire a historic Franciscan monastery and the church of Saint Anne. I’ve noticed a faultm8573639ef78abab0_1497302754287_0fault by the amphitheater. It’s a documentary site of inanimate nature. Let the quarrym8573639ef78abab0_1497302748645_0quarry be the next geosite. There are lots of limestonesm8573639ef78abab0_1497302736917_0limestones here.
This is where the new geotourist route should be designated. This will contribute to the protection of geodiversity. On the educational board, information should be placed that 250 million years ago there was a Triassic sea in the Opole region, abundant with life.
The limestones were formed as a result of the accumulation of the remains of animals with skeletonsm8573639ef78abab0_1497302733680_0skeletons or shellsm8573639ef78abab0_1497302728712_0shells. This will explain to the visitors why there are so many fossilsm8573639ef78abab0_1497302618223_0fossils here. I’m sending you pictures of clamsm8573639ef78abab0_1497302614191_0clams, snailsm8573639ef78abab0_1497302609415_0snails and dayliliesm8573639ef78abab0_1497302603612_0daylilies in the attachment. The local krynoid limestones owe their name to -Crino‑idea, the Latin name for daylilies. At the time when St. Anne Mountain was within a bit deeper 30‑meter sea, brachiopods developed here. There are fewer nautilidsm8573639ef78abab0_1497302598187_0nautilids and ammonitesm8573639ef78abab0_1497302589553_0ammonites here. In the place of the former nephelinitem8573639ef78abab0_1497302944027_0nephelinite and limestone quarry, a nature reservem8573639ef78abab0_1497302952671_0nature reserve was created. The volcanic tuff cone is a natural monumentm8573639ef78abab0_1497302963254_0natural monumenthere. According to the Nature Conservation Act, no specimens can be taken away. Maybe we should write this in bold font in the guide.
We can also mention that students participating in educational trips don’t have to pay admission to the national park and that entry to strict protection areas is prohibited.
That’s all. I can’t wait when the route will be open for tourists. I’ll be at the office on Monday. I hope you’ll manage to print our guide by then. See you soon,