what are the features of equatorial, tropical and subtropical climate;
what is the relationship between climate and living conditions in a given region of the world;
that countries lying on the Mediterranean are a frequent destination for trips.
You will learn
describe the climatic conditions of the Mediterranean zone;
explain why Mediterranean countries are considered by people to be an attractive place of residence;
discuss selected civilizations that originated in the Mediterranean.
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Mediterranean landscape
In the temperate climate zone, near the parallel of 40°N and 40°S, there is a specific climate called Mediterranean. Its name comes from the Mediterranean, although similar climatic conditions prevail in other regions of the world. Mediterranean climate occurs by the seaseasea or oceanoceanocean, but only where the air is not too humid.
In the Mediterranean climate, we distinguish two seasons. The summer is sunny, dry and warm. Winter is mild, the air temperature does not drop below 0°C, but it is often raining. The Mediterranean climate is comfortable in the opinion of the majority of people and is conducive to the development of agriculture. A common element of the Mediterranean landscape are the mountains. Due to the lower air temperature, winter precipitation in the mountains can leave a small snow cover.
Climate and the occurrence of the Mediterranean climate
Climate and the occurrence of the Mediterranean climate
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Tourism in the Mediterranean
Areas located in the Mediterranean climate zone are willingly visited by tourists. Tourism is definitely conducive to the natural conditions. The climate is mild and creates conditions for sunbathing and swimming in warm sea waters from spring to autumn, and for exploring throughout the year. In winter, you can also use the ski resorts in the nearby mountains. In the Mediterranean landscape, it is worth to admire both objects of natural origin as well as the works of human hands.
The tourist attractiveness of the region is undoubtedly associated with its extraordinary history. The most important ancient civilizations have developed around the Mediterranean. Here developed the culture of Egypt, ancient Greece and Rome, creating the basis of science, culture and art of modern Europe. Arabs and Turks also developed their education and art. The Eastern Mediterranean coast was the birthplace of three important religions: Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The mutual influence of all cultures and religions made the Mediterranean region unique in terms of the number of it’s monuments.
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Important!
The entire Mediterranean region is seismically active, which means there are frequent earthquakes here. There are also active volcanoesvolcanovolcanoes here, e.g. Etna, Vesuvius, Stromboli in Italy or Santorini in Greece. The presence of volcanoes is a threat to nearby towns, but they are responsible for the fertility of the soil. Volcanic ash is an excellent natural fertilizer.
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Exercise 1
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Exercise 2
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Exercise 3
Summary
The Mediterranean climate is present on various continents, in Europe in the Mediterranean.
Summer in a Mediterranean climate is hot and dry.
Winter in a Mediterranean climate is warm and rainy.
Areas with a Mediterranean climate are particularly attractive for tourists.
Keywords
sea, Mediterranean climate, mountains, beach
Glossary
volcano
volcano
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wulkan – miejsce na powierzchni Ziemi, w którym z jej głębi wydostają się: lawa, gazy i popioły wulkaniczne
sea
sea
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morze – naturalny zbiornik wodny, mniej lub bardziej wyraźnie oddzielony od oceanu brzegami kontynentu, wyspami lub półwyspami
ocean
ocean
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ocean – wielka część hydrosfery stanowiąca odrębny fragment wszechoceanu; najczęściej wyróżnia się 4 oceany, ale są też klasyfikacje wyróżniające 3 (nie wydziela się wtedy Oceanu Arktycznego) lub 5 oceanów (wody wokół Antarktydy uważa się wówczas za Ocean Południowy)