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The United Kingdom, Great Britain and England are three different things. It’s very easy to get lost in small, cultural and national differences. In this section you are going to learn more about the ethnic and national aspects of the UK. You will also learn about the relation between the country’s history and the people who live there now.

Zjednoczone Królestwo, Wielka Brytania i Anglia – te nazwy mają nieco inne znaczenie. Łatwo więc pogubić się w niewielkich, narodowych różnicach. W tej sekcji nauczysz się o etnicznych i kulturowych elementach Zjednoczonego Królestwa. Dowiesz się też, jaki jest związek między historią Królestwa, a ludźmi, którzy obecnie tam żyją.

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We live in a multicultural society
Żyjemy w wielokulturowym społeczeństwie
Źródło: dostępny w internecie: https://www.freepik.com/ [dostęp 12.09.2021], domena publiczna.
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Exercise 1
Match the words and phrases below with their definitions. nationality Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. relating to or containing several cultural or ethnic groups within a society, 2. the fact or state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition, 3. the point or place where something begins, arises, or is derived, 4. someone that provides an example that proves that something can be done, 5. the status of belonging to a particular nation, 6. a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country and occupied by settlers from that country ethnicity Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. relating to or containing several cultural or ethnic groups within a society, 2. the fact or state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition, 3. the point or place where something begins, arises, or is derived, 4. someone that provides an example that proves that something can be done, 5. the status of belonging to a particular nation, 6. a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country and occupied by settlers from that country origin Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. relating to or containing several cultural or ethnic groups within a society, 2. the fact or state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition, 3. the point or place where something begins, arises, or is derived, 4. someone that provides an example that proves that something can be done, 5. the status of belonging to a particular nation, 6. a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country and occupied by settlers from that country colony Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. relating to or containing several cultural or ethnic groups within a society, 2. the fact or state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition, 3. the point or place where something begins, arises, or is derived, 4. someone that provides an example that proves that something can be done, 5. the status of belonging to a particular nation, 6. a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country and occupied by settlers from that country living proof Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. relating to or containing several cultural or ethnic groups within a society, 2. the fact or state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition, 3. the point or place where something begins, arises, or is derived, 4. someone that provides an example that proves that something can be done, 5. the status of belonging to a particular nation, 6. a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country and occupied by settlers from that country multicultural Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. relating to or containing several cultural or ethnic groups within a society, 2. the fact or state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition, 3. the point or place where something begins, arises, or is derived, 4. someone that provides an example that proves that something can be done, 5. the status of belonging to a particular nation, 6. a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country and occupied by settlers from that country
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
You’re from the UK? Where Exactly?
Konrad Gniazdowski You’re from the UK? Where Exactly?

The United Kingdom (UK) is a very multiculturalmulticulturalmulticultural country. This means that people living there can be vastly differentvastly differentvastly different from each other. For a start, they can come from four different nations - England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. So if a person is BritishBritishBritish, that doesn’t mean they are EnglishEnglishEnglish. They could be ScottishScottishScottish, WelshWelshWelsh or IrishIrishIrish. It all depends on their place of birthplace of birthplace of birth.

But even if you know a British person’s nationalitynationalitynationality, that doesn’t mean you can assumeassume (verb)assume their ethnicityethnicityethnicity. For example, Liverpool is an English city, but has an old Black communitycommunitycommunity because of its role in slave tradeslave tradeslave trade in the 18th century, during colonialism. It also has the oldest EuropeanEuropeanEuropean Chinese community. It has its originsorigins [origin]origins in the city’s trade with Shanghai dating back to the 1890s.

Other places in the UK are home tohome tohome to many other ethnicethnicethnic minoritiesminorities [minority]minorities, too! This is because Great Britain was once a colonial empirecolonial empirecolonial empire and many people from its formerformerformer coloniescolonies [colony]colonies come to big cities in the UK to look for work and new life opportunitiesopportunities [opportunity]opportunities.

If you live in Poland, it’s sometimes hard to imagine that a country can be so diversediversediverse. Yet the United Kingdom proves that many different kinds of people can live and build a future together. It is also proof that the question “Where are you from?” sometimes needs a follow‑upfollow upfollow‑up one: “Where exactly?”

1 Źródło: Konrad Gniazdowski, licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 2

Read the text and choose the correct answer.

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1. If someone is British, one of how many nationalities could they have? Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. One., 2. Two., 3. Three., 4. Four.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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2. Liverpool's trade with Shanghai resulted in a sizable Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Chinese community., 2. Irish community., 3. English community., 4. Welsh community.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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3. The UK is full of ethnic minorities due to Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. the slave trade., 2. trade relations., 3. colonialism., 4. various incentives.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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4. Polish people may feel inclined to ask UK citizens: Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Where exactly are you from?, 2. Where are you from?, 3. What’s your nationality?, 4. What’s your community?
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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5. According to the text, nationality Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. is not the same as ethnicity., 2. is the same as ethnicity., 3. implies someone’s ethnicity., 4. plays no role in the UK's demography.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 3
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Based on the text, drag and drop the elements below to fill in the gaps. There are two elements that you do not need. Because the UK is a very     3.1 1. former, 2. nationality, 3. Welsh, 4. assume, 5. Irish, 6. English, 7. future, 8. home to, 9. ethnic, 10. multicultural, 11. follow-up     country you can’t     3.2 1. former, 2. nationality, 3. Welsh, 4. assume, 5. Irish, 6. English, 7. future, 8. home to, 9. ethnic, 10. multicultural, 11. follow-up     that every British person is going to be     3.3 1. former, 2. nationality, 3. Welsh, 4. assume, 5. Irish, 6. English, 7. future, 8. home to, 9. ethnic, 10. multicultural, 11. follow-up.    
The Irish, Scottish and     3.4 1. former, 2. nationality, 3. Welsh, 4. assume, 5. Irish, 6. English, 7. future, 8. home to, 9. ethnic, 10. multicultural, 11. follow-up     people may get offended if you call them English. They feel they have a separate     3.5 1. former, 2. nationality, 3. Welsh, 4. assume, 5. Irish, 6. English, 7. future, 8. home to, 9. ethnic, 10. multicultural, 11. follow-up.    
Apart from the four main national groups,
Great Britain is     3.6 1. former, 2. nationality, 3. Welsh, 4. assume, 5. Irish, 6. English, 7. future, 8. home to, 9. ethnic, 10. multicultural, 11. follow-up     many     3.7 1. former, 2. nationality, 3. Welsh, 4. assume, 5. Irish, 6. English, 7. future, 8. home to, 9. ethnic, 10. multicultural, 11. follow-up     minorities. Some of them live in Britain as a result of the country’s trade history, some of them come from its     3.8 1. former, 2. nationality, 3. Welsh, 4. assume, 5. Irish, 6. English, 7. future, 8. home to, 9. ethnic, 10. multicultural, 11. follow-up     colonies. Although the country is diverse, its people try to build a     3.9 1. former, 2. nationality, 3. Welsh, 4. assume, 5. Irish, 6. English, 7. future, 8. home to, 9. ethnic, 10. multicultural, 11. follow-up     together.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 4

Drag and drop the elements below to make two‑sentence mini‑dialogues. In each of the points, start with a positive statement and then ask for clarification. There will be two options that you do not need.

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1. 1. Where exactly are you from, Tom?, 2. I’ve got a friend who is English, just like you!, 3. Oh! I’ve been to Northern Ireland, but never to Britain!, 4. I’m Tom, and I’m British! 1. Where exactly are you from, Tom?, 2. I’ve got a friend who is English, just like you!, 3. Oh! I’ve been to Northern Ireland, but never to Britain!, 4. I’m Tom, and I’m British!
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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2. 1. Do you come from Liverpool? I’ve heard there is a strong Chinese community there., 2. Do you come from Liverpool? I’ve heard there was a Chinese community there because of the slave trade in the past., 3. I’m Zhang, and I’m British-Chinese., 4. You can’t be British and Chinese at the same time. You have to choose!1. Do you come from Liverpool? I’ve heard there is a strong Chinese community there., 2. Do you come from Liverpool? I’ve heard there was a Chinese community there because of the slave trade in the past., 3. I’m Zhang, and I’m British-Chinese., 4. You can’t be British and Chinese at the same time. You have to choose!
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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3. 1. Many people from Scotland travel there., 2. I came to Britain to look for better life opportunities, 3. Do you come from one of the former colonies?, 4. I’ve heard that life in Ireland is difficult, indeed. 1. Many people from Scotland travel there., 2. I came to Britain to look for better life opportunities, 3. Do you come from one of the former colonies?, 4. I’ve heard that life in Ireland is difficult, indeed.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Słownik

assume (verb)
assume (verb)

/ əˈsjuːm /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

zakładać, przypuszczać

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
British
British
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Nagranie dźwiękowe

/ ˈbrɪtɪʃ /

brytyjski, Brytyjczyk/Brytyjka

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
colonial empire
colonial empire

/ kəˈləʊnɪəl ˈempaɪə /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

imperium kolonialne

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
colonies [colony]
colonies [colony]

/ ˈkɒlənɪz / / ˈkɒləni /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

kolonie [kolonia]

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
community
community

/ kəˈmjuːnɪti /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

społeczność

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
diverse
diverse

/ daɪˈvɜːs /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

różnorodny/różnorodna

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
English
English

/ ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

angielski, Anglik/Angielka

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
ethnic
ethnic

/ ˈethetanɪk /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

etniczny/etniczna

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
ethnicity
ethnicity

/ ethetaˈnɪsəti /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

pochodzenie etniczne

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
European
European

/ ˌjʊərəˈpɪən /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

europejski, Europejczyk, Europejka

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
follow up
follow up

/ ˈfɒləʊ ʌp /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

towarzyszący/towarzysząca, następujący/następująca po czymś

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
former
former

/ ˈfɔːmə /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

były/była, niegdysiejszy/niegdysiejsza

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
home to
home to

/ həʊm tuː /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

będący/będąca domem dla

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
Irish
Irish

/ ˈaɪrɪʃ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

irlandzki, Irlandczyk/Irlandka

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
living proof
living proof

/ ˈlɪvɪŋ pruːf /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

żywy dowód

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
minorities [minority]
minorities [minority]

/ maɪˈnɒrɪtɪz / / maɪˈnɒrɪti /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

mniejszości [mniejszość]

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
multicultural
multicultural

/ ˌmʌltiˈkʌltʃr̩əl /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wielokulturowy/wielokulturowa

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
nationality
nationality

/ ˌnæʃəˈnælɪti /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

narodowość

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
nations [nation]
nations [nation]

/ ˈneɪʃn̩z / / ˈneɪʃn̩ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

narody [naród]

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
opportunities [opportunity]
opportunities [opportunity]

/ ˌɒpəˈtjuːnɪtɪz / / ˌɒpəˈtjuːnɪti /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

szanse, okazje [szansa, okazja]

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
origins [origin]
origins [origin]

/ ˈɒrɪdʒɪnz /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

źródła [źródło]

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
place of birth
place of birth

/ pleɪs əv bɜːtheta /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

miejsce urodzenia

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
Scottish
Scottish

/ ˈskɒtɪʃ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

szkocki, Szkot/Szkotka

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
slave trade
slave trade

/ sleɪv ˈtreɪd /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

handel niewolnikami

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
vastly different
vastly different

/ ˈvɑːstli ˈdɪfrənt /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

diametralnie różny/różna

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
Welsh
Welsh

/ welʃ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

walijski, Walijczyk/Walijka

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o.,licencja: CC BY‑SA 3.0

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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.