Topicm86a194aeca0f4b4b_1528449000663_0Topic

Numerical intervals, intervals as sets

Levelm86a194aeca0f4b4b_1528449084556_0Level

Third

Core curriculumm86a194aeca0f4b4b_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

I. Real numbersreal numbersReal numbers. The student:

6) uses the concept of a numerical intervalnumerical intervalnumerical interval, selects and plots intervals on the number linenumber linenumber line.

Timingm86a194aeca0f4b4b_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General objectivem86a194aeca0f4b4b_1528449523725_0General objective

Interpreting and manipulating information presented in both mathematical and popular science texts, as well as in the form of graphs, diagrams, tables.

Specific objectivesm86a194aeca0f4b4b_1528449552113_0Specific objectives

1. Communicating in English, developing mathematical, scientific, technical and IT competences, developing learning skills.

2. Understanding the definition of numerical intervals.

3. Selecting numerical intervals on the number linenumber linenumber line.

Learning outcomesm86a194aeca0f4b4b_1528450430307_0Learning outcomes

The student:

- understands the definition of numerical intervals,

- selects numerical intervals on the number linenumber linenumber line.

Methodsm86a194aeca0f4b4b_1528449534267_0Methods

1. Mind maps.

2. Situational analysis.

Forms of workm86a194aeca0f4b4b_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1. Individual work.

2. Group work.

Lesson stages

Introductionm86a194aeca0f4b4b_1528450127855_0Introduction

Students, working in groups, organize their knowledge about solving inequalities and the way of presenting a set of solutions on the number linenumber linenumber line. They create mental maps. Each group solves one inequality and places it on the board.

Students present their boards and together determine the way of presenting a set of inequality solutions on the number line.

The teacher verifies information and explains the doubts.

Procedurem86a194aeca0f4b4b_1528446435040_0Procedure

The teacher informs students that the aim of the lesson is to learn about the numerical intervals and plotting them on the number linenumber linenumber line.

Students, in available sources, look for the definition of a numerical intervalnumerical intervalnumerical interval. They write down the appropriate conclusion.

Conclusion:

- The numerical interval is a set of all real numbersreal numbersreal numbers that meet the inequality of the form a < x < b, x > a, b > a or similar non‑sharp inequalities. The numbers a and b 
(a < b) are real numbersreal numbersreal numbers.

Definition

- The open interval at the endpoints of a, b (a < b) is the set of all real numbers that are greater than a and at the same time less than b.
A symbolic notation: a < x < b we write as a, b.
m86a194aeca0f4b4b_1527752263647_0- The open interval at the endpoints of a, b (a < b) is the set of all real numbers that are greater than a and at the same time less than b.
A symbolic notation: a < x < b we write as a, b.

Definition

- The closed interval at the endpoints of a, b ab is the set of all real numbers that are not less than a (i.e. greater than a or equal to a) and at the same time not greater than b (i.e. less than b or equal to b).
A symbolic notation: a ≤ x ≤ b we write as 〈a, b〉.
m86a194aeca0f4b4b_1527752256679_0- The closed interval at the endpoints of a, b ab is the set of all real numbers that are not less than a (i.e. greater than a or equal to a) and at the same time not greater than b (i.e. less than b or equal to b).
A symbolic notation: a ≤ x ≤ b we write as 〈a, b〉.

Using the above‑presented definitions the students solve the tasks.

Task
On the number linenumber linenumber line, select and plot the following sets with the help of the interval:

a) -2x7,

b) 8x11,

c) -4<x<6,

d) 0<x<9.

Task
Discussion - Are all numerical intervals divided into open and closed ones? Students make hypotheses, check them by analyzing the material presented in the Interactive illustration. They formulate the conclusion.

[Internative illustration]

Conclusion:

- In the case where both endpoints of a numerical intervalnumerical intervalnumerical interval are numbers, the numerical interval is called a closed interval, otherwise the numerical intervalnumerical intervalnumerical interval is open and is called an infinite intervalinfinite intervalinfinite interval.

Students solve tasks on their own.

Task
On the number linenumber linenumber line mark and plot the following sets with the interval:

a) x7,

b) x>-3,

c) x<2,

d) x-4.

Task
Complete according to the formula: ''if x5,3), then 5x<3'', or  ''if x(2,), then x>2''.

a) if x6,0), then ...

b) if x1,5), then ...

c) if x6,9, then ...

d) if x4,), then ...

An extra task:
Mark the set of inequality solutions on the number linenumber linenumber line:

a) x-3x<10

b) x>0x7

c) x>3x<9

d) x-4x8

Task
Determine all natural numbers that meet both inequalities at the same time:

a) 3x6<0and5x+4>9,

b) 8x3<7and3x+4>2.

After solving all tasks, the students present the results. The teacher assesses students' work, explains all doubts.

Lesson summarym86a194aeca0f4b4b_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

Students do the revision exercises.

Together, they formulate conclusions to remember.

- The numerical interval is a set of all real numbers that meet the inequality of the form a < x < b, x > a, b > a or similar non‑shrap inequalities. The numbers a and b 
(a < b) are real numbers.
- An open interval at the endpoint s of a, b (a < b) is the set of all real numbers that are greater than a and at the same time less than b.
- The closed interval at the endpoints of a, b (a ≤ b) is the set of all real numbers that are not less than a (i.e., greater than a or equal to a) and at the same time not greater than b (i.e. less than b or equal to b).
- In the case where both endpoints of a numerical interval are numbers, the numerical interval is called a finite interval, otherwise the numerical interval is unlimited and is called an infinite interval.
m86a194aeca0f4b4b_1527712094602_0- The numerical interval is a set of all real numbers that meet the inequality of the form a < x < b, x > a, b > a or similar non‑shrap inequalities. The numbers a and b 
(a < b) are real numbers.
- An open interval at the endpoint s of a, b (a < b) is the set of all real numbers that are greater than a and at the same time less than b.
- The closed interval at the endpoints of a, b (a ≤ b) is the set of all real numbers that are not less than a (i.e., greater than a or equal to a) and at the same time not greater than b (i.e. less than b or equal to b).
- In the case where both endpoints of a numerical interval are numbers, the numerical interval is called a finite interval, otherwise the numerical interval is unlimited and is called an infinite interval.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

finite intervalfinite intervalfinite interval

infinite intervalinfinite intervalinfinite interval

number linenumber linenumber line

numerical intervalnumerical intervalnumerical interval

real numbersreal numbersreal numbers

subset of a set of real numberssubset of a set of real numberssubset of a set of real numbers

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real numbers1
real numbers

liczby rzeczywiste

RhyDVKatqdtiR1
wymowa w języku angielskim: real numbers
numerical interval1
numerical interval

przedział liczbowy

RUIlrbp3q5fTz1
number line1
number line

oś liczbowa

R1HuBugEAKITI1
wymowa w języku angielskim: number line
infinite interval1
infinite interval

przedział nieograniczony

R6J5C1FNgYW6o1
wymowa w języku angielskim: infinite interval
finite interval1
finite interval

przedział ograniczony

RLUcR0pt7DKFO1
wymowa w języku angielskim: finite interval
subset of a set of real numbers1
subset of a set of real numbers

podzbiór zbioru liczb rzeczywistych

RT99YVk5p6aLb1
wymowa w języku angielskim: subset of a set of real numbers