Topicmf1b0e9bde0205c6c_1528449000663_0Topic

The largest common divisor, the least common multiple

Levelmf1b0e9bde0205c6c_1528449084556_0Level

Second

Core curriculummf1b0e9bde0205c6c_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

II. Operations on the natural numbers. The student:

9) factorises two‑digit numbers into primes;

13) finds the greatest common divisorthe greatest common divisorthe greatest common divisor (GCD) in the less difficult situation than GCD(600, 72), GCD(140, 567), GCD(10000, 48), GCD(910, 2016) and he determines the least common multiplethe least common multiplethe least common multiple of two natural numbers using the method of prime factorization;

16) factorises the natural numbers into primes in a case one of the factors is the number larger than 10.

Timingmf1b0e9bde0205c6c_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General objectivemf1b0e9bde0205c6c_1528449523725_0General objective

Reading, interpreting and processing data presented in various forms.

Specific objectivesmf1b0e9bde0205c6c_1528449552113_0Specific objectives

1. Indicating the greatest common divisorthe greatest common divisorthe greatest common divisor using the method of prime factorization.

2. Indicating the least common multiplethe least common multiplethe least common multiple using the method of prime factorization.

3. Communicating in English; developing mathematical and basic scientific, technical and digital competences; developing learning skills.

Learning outcomesmf1b0e9bde0205c6c_1528450430307_0Learning outcomes

The Student:

- factorizes the natural numbers into primes,

- uses the prime factorization to indicate the greatest common divisor and the least common multiple.

Methodsmf1b0e9bde0205c6c_1528449534267_0Methods

1. Learning game.

2. Situational analysis.

Forms of workmf1b0e9bde0205c6c_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1. Individual work.

2. Group work.

Lesson stages

Introductionmf1b0e9bde0205c6c_1528450127855_0Introduction

The teacher prepares a set of three cards containing one of the following letters : A, B or C.

Revision of the prime and composite numbers, prime factorization dividers and multiples of natural numbers and the divisibility while playing the learning game.

The students work in groups of 3 or 4 people. They think of the team’s name and write it on the board. The teacher gives the question of the quiz in a form of a slideshow. The team who first gives the correct answer gets a point. The teacher writes the points on the board. The winner is the team which gets the greatest number of points.

Proceduremf1b0e9bde0205c6c_1528446435040_0Procedure

The teacher introduces the topic of the lesson: indicating the greatest common divisorthe greatest common divisorthe greatest common divisor and the least common multiplethe least common multiplethe least common multiple. They are going to use the prime factorization.

Task 1

Pair work. The students are going to indicate the greatest common divisors of the numbers 60 and 72. The students factorise given numbers into the primes: the first student the number 60 the other 72. Next, they circle in the factorization of the number 72 the prime factors which are repeated in both factorizations. The product of them isthe greatest common divisorthe greatest common divisorthe greatest common divisor of the numbers 60 and 72.

After completing the task the students compare the results with the illustration.

[Illustration 1]

The students use the knowledge they have gained, they work individually and indicate the greatest common divisor of two numbers.

Task 2

Use the prime factorization and indicate:
a) GCD (48,160),
b) GCD (100,135),
c) GCD (225,300).
mf1b0e9bde0205c6c_1527752263647_0Use the prime factorization and indicate:
a) GCD (48,160),
b) GCD (100,135),
c) GCD (225,300).

Task 3

Pair work. The students are going to indicate the least common multiplethe least common multiplethe least common multiple of the numbers 60 and 72. The students swap the numbers they have factorized , the first student factorize the number 60, the other the number 72. Next in the prime factorization of the number 60 they cross out all the prime factors  which also appear in the number 72. The product of all left factors is the least common multiple of these two numbers.

After completing the task the students compare the results with the illustration.

[Illustration 2]

Task  4

Use the prime factorization to indicate:
a) LCM (48,80),
b) LCM (50,140),
c) LCM (110,165).

Task 5

Find number M whose the prime factorization contains only two 2, two 5 and one 11.

Find number N whose the prime factorization contains only two 2, two 3 and two 5.

Indicate the greatest common divisorthe greatest common divisorthe greatest common divisor and the least common multiplethe least common multiplethe least common multiple of the numbers M and N.

An extra task:

Using any methods you like factorise into primes the number 180. On the basis of the factorization you have obtained write down all the divisors of the number 180.

Lesson summarymf1b0e9bde0205c6c_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

The students do the summarising tasks.

Then they sum up the classes drawing the conclusion to memorise:

- the greatest common divisor and the least common multiple can be calculated by using the prime factorisation of these numbers,
- the product of all repeated prime factors of both numbers is the greatest common divisor of them,
- the product of all not repeated prime factors of both numbers is the least common multiple of them.
mf1b0e9bde0205c6c_1527752256679_0- the greatest common divisor and the least common multiple can be calculated by using the prime factorisation of these numbers,
- the product of all repeated prime factors of both numbers is the greatest common divisor of them,
- the product of all not repeated prime factors of both numbers is the least common multiple of them.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

multiple of the numbermultiple of the numbermultiple of the number

the least common multiplethe least common multiplethe least common multiple

divisordivisordivisor

the greatest common divisorthe greatest common divisorthe greatest common divisor

prime factorisationprime factorisationprime factorisation

divisibility rulesdivisibility rulesdivisibility rules

prime numberprime numberprime number

composite numbercomposite numbercomposite number

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the greatest common divisor1
the greatest common divisor

największy wspólny dzielnik dwóch liczb

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wymowa w języku angielskim: the greatest common divisor
the least common multiple1
the least common multiple

najmniejsza wspólna wielokrotność dwóch liczb

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wymowa w języku angielskim: the least common multiple
multiple of the number1
multiple of the number

wielokrotność liczby

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wymowa w języku angielskim: multiple of the number
divisor1
divisor

dzielnik liczby

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wymowa w języku angielskim: divisor
prime factorisation1
prime factorisation

rozkład liczby na czynniki pierwsze

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wymowa w języku angielskim: prime factorisation
divisibility rules1
divisibility rules

cechy podzielności liczb

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wymowa w języku angielskim: divisibility rules
prime number1
prime number

liczba pierwsza

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wymowa w języku angielskim: prime number
composite number1
composite number

liczba złożona

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wymowa w języku angielskim: composite number