The influence of the information and communication technologies on the job market
Task 1
Point the elements included in the information and communication technologies. Then explain what is the role of the ICTICT (information and communications technology)ICT today. Write down the positive and negative aspects of it.
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Elements included in the information and communication technologies:
(Uzupełnij). The role of ICT today: (Uzupełnij). Positive aspects of ICT
(Uzupełnij). Negative aspects of ICT (Uzupełnij).
Elements included in the information and communication technologies:
(Uzupełnij). The role of ICT today: (Uzupełnij). Positive aspects of ICT
(Uzupełnij). Negative aspects of ICT (Uzupełnij).
Elements included in the information and communication technologies:
The role of ICT today: Positive aspects of ICT Negative aspects of ICT
Information and communication technologies like any other tool bring a lot of benefits but also a lot of threats. It is important to remember that their abilities can be used against us even if we do not have bad intentions.
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Na ilustracji znajduje się wykres słupkowy przedstawiający straty wynikające z przestępstw komputerowych, losses resulting from computer - related crimes. Na osi pionowej Y, z lewej strony występują wartości od zera do dziesięciu tysięcy miliony dolarów. Na osi poziomej X, opisane są państwa. Stany Zjednoczone - USA, straty 10000 mln dolarów, Chiny - China, straty 9000 mln dolarów, Niemcy - Germany, straty 8000 mln dolarów, Indie - India, straty 1000 mln dolarów, Brazylia - Brazil, straty 900 mln dolarów, Wielka Brytania - Great Britain, straty 650 mln dolarów, Meksyk - Mexico, straty 400 mln dolarów, Rosja - Russia, straty 250 mln dolarów, Arabia Saudyjska - Saudi Arabia, straty 150 mln dolarów, Singapur - Singapore, straty 130 mln dolarów, Japonia - Japan, straty 95 mln dolarów, RPA - RSA, straty 80 mln dolarów, Turcja - Turkey, straty 80 mln dolarów, Kolumbia - Colombia, straty 75 mln dolarów, Wietnam - Vietnam, straty 65 mln dolarów, Nigeria - Nigeria, straty 55 mln dolarów, Zambia - Zambia, straty 6 mln dolarów.
Losses resulting from computer-related crimes
Source: Dariusz Adryan, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Modern transformation of the employment structures
Traditionally, we can distinguish three economic sectors: agriculture, industry and services. The contribution of services in the employment of all people increases along with the level of the development of the country. In highly developed countries it is very often above 75%.
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Na ilustracji znajduje się wykres liniowy przedstawiający zmiany w strukturze zatrudnienia, changes in the employment structure. Z lewej strony na osi pionowej opisano wartości od zera do siedemdziesięciu (odsetek zatrudnionych) percentage of employees. Na osi poziomej podpisano trzy okresy: przedprzemysłowy, preindustrial period, przemysłowy, industrial period, poprzemysłowy, postindustrial period. Zatrudnienie w rolnictwie z 70% w erze przedprzemysłowej spadło do około 30% w erze przemysłowej i dalej zmalało do 6% w erze poprzemysłowej. Zatrudnienie w przemyśle z 20% w erze przedprzemysłowej, wzrosło do 43% w erze przemysłowej, spadło do 23% w erze poprzemysłowej. Zatrudnienie w usługach wzrosło z 10% w erze przedprzemysłowej, do 60% w erze poprzemysłowej. Zatrudnienie w obszarach ICT pojawia się tylko w erze poprzemysłowej i wykazuje tendencję wzrostową. Z poziomu zerowego wzrosło do około 5%.
Changes in the employment structure
Source: Dariusz Adryan, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Such a structure of the employment in individual sectors of economy results from the development of technology. Automated technology has reduced the need for employees performing repetitive tasks. Plastic, miniaturization and recycling of the materials decrease the need for raw materials necessary to produce many items. At the same time, it turned out that the process of creation is much simpler than later selling the product. Thus there was an increase in a demand for information about the size of the expected market, the diversity of people's wealth and their habits or even about growth and weight of potential customers. Banks and insurance companies needed to know about the financial situation of borrowers. For transport companies the essence was to know about goods to transport as well as expected weather conditions at a specific place and time. To let the economy function efficiently, the development of services that enables fast and safe contacts, is crucial.
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Na ilustracji znajduje się wykres słupkowy strukturalny przedstawiający strukturę zatrudnienia w wyselekcjonowanych krajach według danych CIA Factbook, the employment structure in selected countries (according to CIA Factbook). Na wykresie znajduje się sześć kolorowych słupków z różnymi proporcjami kolorów. Z lewej strony na osi pionowej opisano wartości od zera do stu procent. Na osi poziomej podpisano sześć słupków z nazwami państw. Pod nimi zapisano wielkość PKB na osobę w dolarach amerykańskich oraz strukturę zatrudnienia, GDP per capita; $. Niger, PKB 500, struktura zatrudnienia w rolnictwie, agriculture 90%, w przemyśle, industry 5%, w usługach, service 5%. Indie, PKB 4000, struktura zatrudnienia w rolnictwie, agriculture 50%, w przemyśle, industry 20%, w usługach, service 30%. Filipiny, PKB 4700, struktura zatrudnienia w rolnictwie, agriculture 30%, w przemyśle, industry 20%, w usługach, service 50%. Polska, PKB 21100, struktura zatrudnienia w rolnictwie, agriculture 12%, w przemyśle, industry 30%, w usługach, service 58%. Japonia, PKB 37100, struktura zatrudnienia w rolnictwie, agriculture 3%, w przemyśle, industry 27%, w usługach, service 70%. Norwegia, PKB 55400, struktura zatrudnienia w rolnictwie, agriculture 1%, w przemyśle, industry 20%, w usługach, service 79%.
The employment structure in selected countries (according to CIA Factbook)
Source: Dariusz Adryan, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
The development of the information and communication technologies has caused many significant changes in the job market. The basic tool in many places became a computer hence the common need to master computer skills. At the same time there is an increasing demand for creative people to create more and more advanced computer software.
Geographic aspects of the development of the information and communication technologies
The abolition of technological time and spatial constraint led to new phenomena: offshoringoffshoringoffshoring and outsourcingoutsourcingoutsourcing. Both terms do not have Polish equivalents.
Task 2
Using the e‑book, explain the terms: offshoring and outsourcing.
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Offshoring (Uzupełnij)
Outsourcing (Uzupełnij).
Offshoring (Uzupełnij)
Outsourcing (Uzupełnij).
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Mapa świata zawiera oznaczenia wraz z podpisami. 1. World. Countries best for outsourcing. USA 59%, Kanada 60%, Jamajka 73%, Kostaryka 75%, Argentyna 76%, RPA 65%, Egipt 80%, Polska 79%, Ukraina 70%, Estonia 93%, Federacja Rosyjska 73% Chiny 90%, Indonezja 94%, Indie 100%. 2. The outsourcing capacity of states in comparison with the potential of India. Outsourcingowy potencjał państw w porównaniu z potencjałem Indii wynosi 100%. Argentyna 76%, Chiny 90%, Federacja Rosyjska 73%, Malezja 82%, Indonezja 94%, Egipt 80%. Polska i Republika Czeska 79%. 3. - a country with a potential for outsourcing less than 50% of India's potential- area without a permanent population, np. Australia, Środowy Wschód, Europa Zachodnia, Afryka, Japonia, Mongolia.
Mapa świata zawiera oznaczenia wraz z podpisami. 1. World. Countries best for outsourcing. USA 59%, Kanada 60%, Jamajka 73%, Kostaryka 75%, Argentyna 76%, RPA 65%, Egipt 80%, Polska 79%, Ukraina 70%, Estonia 93%, Federacja Rosyjska 73% Chiny 90%, Indonezja 94%, Indie 100%. 2. The outsourcing capacity of states in comparison with the potential of India. Outsourcingowy potencjał państw w porównaniu z potencjałem Indii wynosi 100%. Argentyna 76%, Chiny 90%, Federacja Rosyjska 73%, Malezja 82%, Indonezja 94%, Egipt 80%. Polska i Republika Czeska 79%. 3. - a country with a potential for outsourcing less than 50% of India's potential- area without a permanent population, np. Australia, Środowy Wschód, Europa Zachodnia, Afryka, Japonia, Mongolia.
The world. The best countries for outsourcing.
Source: Wydawnictwo Edukacyjne Wiking, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Digital exclusion
Information and communication technologies are developing very quickly. According to estimates, in the middle of 2014, almost 3 billion people have already had an access to the Internet, which is about 40% of world population. At the same time, that means that 4 billions people still do not have such access. It is about 25% of the European population and 80% of the sub‑Saharan population.
Task 3
Explain the term digital exclusion. Analyse the summary from the e‑book the Internet throughout the world. Countries with high and low percentage of people with Internet access. Indicate examples of countries and present your conclusions.
Explain the term digital exclusion. Analyse the summary from the e‑book the Internet throughout the world. Countries with high and low percentage of people with Internet access. Indicate examples of countries and present your conclusions.
Explain the term digital exclusion. Analyse the summary from the e‑book the Internet throughout the world and chart no.1 Countries with high and low percentage of people with Internet access. Indicate examples of countries and present your conclusions.
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Własnymi słowami zdefiniuj wybrane terminy ze słownika.
Własnymi słowami zdefiniuj wybrane terminy ze słownika.
Task 4
Using source materials such as e‑book, geography book, Internet resources and the statistical yearbooks, prepare the information about mobile phones development in the world.
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(Uzupełnij).
(Uzupełnij).
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Exercise 1
Point three countries in the world that best meet the conditions for outsourcing. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. China, 2. Tunisia, 3. India, 4. United Arab Emirates, 5. Poland, 6. Indonesia
Point three countries in the world that best meet the conditions for outsourcing. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. China, 2. Tunisia, 3. India, 4. United Arab Emirates, 5. Poland, 6. Indonesia
Point three countries in the world that best meet the conditions for outsourcing.
China
Tunisia
India
United Arab Emirates
Poland
Indonesia
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Exercise 2
Indicate three European countries that best meet the conditions for outsourcing. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Estonia, 2. Portugal, 3. Spain, 4. Bulgaria, 5. Lithuania, 6. Greece, 7. Poland
Indicate three European countries that best meet the conditions for outsourcing. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Estonia, 2. Portugal, 3. Spain, 4. Bulgaria, 5. Lithuania, 6. Greece, 7. Poland
Point three European countries that best meet the conditions for outsourcing.
Estonia
Portugal
Spain
Bulgaria
Lithuania
Greece
Poland
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Exercise 3
Match the term with the right description. Relocation of a part of the company abroad to reduce costs and to increase its efficiency Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Communication, 2. Offshoring, 3. Digital exclusion, 4. Outsourcing.
Hiring a specialized subcontractor to carry out a part of the production process Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Communication, 2. Offshoring, 3. Digital exclusion, 4. Outsourcing.
Lack of access to the information and communication technologies; the reason might be the place of living, lack of infrastructure, inability of using a device, cultural reasons Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Communication, 2. Offshoring, 3. Digital exclusion, 4. Outsourcing.
Field of communication that concerns sending and transmitting information (in any form) Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Communication, 2. Offshoring, 3. Digital exclusion, 4. Outsourcing.
Match the term with the right description. Relocation of a part of the company abroad to reduce costs and to increase its efficiency Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Communication, 2. Offshoring, 3. Digital exclusion, 4. Outsourcing.
Hiring a specialized subcontractor to carry out a part of the production process Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Communication, 2. Offshoring, 3. Digital exclusion, 4. Outsourcing.
Lack of access to the information and communication technologies; the reason might be the place of living, lack of infrastructure, inability of using a device, cultural reasons Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Communication, 2. Offshoring, 3. Digital exclusion, 4. Outsourcing.
Field of communication that concerns sending and transmitting information (in any form) Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Communication, 2. Offshoring, 3. Digital exclusion, 4. Outsourcing.
Match the term with the right description.
Digital exclusion, Communication, Outsourcing, Offshoring
Relocation of a part of the company abroad to reduce costs and to increase its efficiency
Hiring a specialized subcontractor to carry out a part of the production process
Lack of access to the information and communication technologies; the reason might be the place of living, lack of infrastructure, inability of using a device, cultural reasons
Field of communication that concerns sending and transmitting information (in any form)
Keywords
information and communication technologies, job market, employment structures, offshoring, outsourcing, social exclusion
wykluczenie cyfrowe - brak dostępu do technologii informacyjno‑komunikacyjnych; przyczyną może być miejsce zamieszkania, brak infrastruktury, nieumiejętność obsługi urządzenia, względy kulturowe.