Algebraic expressions in geometry
Wyrażenia algebraiczne w geometrii
Learning objectives
You will become familiar with using algebraic expressions in geometry.
Learning effect
You write the measuring compounds of the figures by using algebraic expressions.
You calculate the numerical value of an algebraic expression.
You describe algebraic expressions in English.
Prepare the following figures cut out of self‑adhesive paper:
Also, prepare the following figures cut out of colourful cardboard:
two circles with the diameter of 4 cm, cut out into halves (4 semi‑circles),
three rectangles with the dimensions of 4 cm and 5 cm.
Recall that expressions in which (apart from numbers, signs and brackets) the letters are used are called algebraic expressions.
Today you are going to become familiar with the sample use of the algebraic expressions in geometry.
By using the algebraic expressions you can describe the correlation between the length of the segments.
The segment AB has the length a. Using an algebraic expression write the length of the segment KL which is:
a) twice as long as the segment AB,
b) shorter by 3 than the segment AB,
c) half of the segment AB,
d) three times shorter than the segment AB,
e) is longer by 10 than the segment AB.
Answer the following questions:
Answer the following questions:
How many times did the perimeterperimeter of the squaresquare increase, if the length of its side increased twice?
How many times did the perimeterperimeter of the squaresquare increase, if the length of its side increased three times?
How many times did the perimeterperimeter of the squaresquare increase, if the length of its side increased four times?
How many times did the areaarea of the squaresquare increase, if the length of its side increased twice?
How many times did the areaarea of the squaresquare increase, if the length of its side increased three times?
How many times does the areaarea of the squaresquare increase, if the length of its side increased four times?
Note that:
The perimeterperimeter of the squaresquare increases as many times as many times its side enlarges.
The areaarea of the squaresquare increases four times, if the length of its side increases twice.
The areaarea of the squaresquare increases nine times, if the length of its side increases three times.
The areaarea of the squaresquare increases sixteen times, if the length of its side increases four times.
Use the elements you have brought to class to make the figures, write down their areas and perimeters.
The areaarea of the rectanglerectangle you have brought for the lesson equals x and the areaarea of the semi‑circle is y.
Construct the figure made of:
a) two rectangles. Use an algebraic expressionalgebraic expression to describe its areaarea,
b) two rectangles and two semi‑circles. Use an algebraic expressionalgebraic expression to describe its areaarea,
c) three rectangles and four semi‑circles. Use an algebraic expressionalgebraic expression to describe its area.
Answer the following questions:
How is the areaarea of the parallelogram calculated?
Use algebraic expressions to write the formulas which are useful for calculating the perimeters and the areas of figures.
Stick the figures you have cut off self‑adhesive paper into your notebook. Write the algebraic expressions describing the perimeter and the area of every figure marking:
a) the sides of the rectanglerectangle with the letters k and l,
b) the sides of the rhombusrhombus with the letter a and its the diagonals with the letters e and f,
c) the sides of triangletriangle with the letter d and its altitude with the letter h.
An extra task:
One of the edge of the cuboid has the length of x, the second one is twice as long and the third one is four times shorter.
Using algebraic expressions write the areaarea and the volume of this cuboid.
Calculate the numerical values of the expressions for x = 10.
Remember:
By using algebraic expressions we can describe the correlation between the length of the segments, the perimeters and the areas of figures.
Do the summarising exercise.
Exercises
Determine which sentences are true.
- The perimeter of the rectangle with the sides of r and p is equal p + p + r + r.
- The perimeter of an isosceles triangle with the base of p and the arms of m is equal 2m + p.
- The perimeter of an equilateral triangle with the side of m is equal m + m + m.
- The perimeter of the rhombus with the side of p is equal 2p.
- The perimeter of an isosceles trapezium with the bases of p and r and the arms of m is equal 2m + 2p + r.
- The perimeter of a parallelogram with the sides of m and p is equal 2(m + p).
Write the appropriate algebraic expressions. Calculate their numerical value for the given numbers.
a) The perimeter of the rectangle with the sides m and n for m = 1,9; n = 3,5.
b) The area of the rhombus with the diagonals x and y for x = 20, y = 30.
c) An isosceles triangle with the base t and the arms s for s = 12; t = 21.
The drawing presents two figures: a rectangle with the area a and a semi‑circle with the area b.

Using these figures other figures were made, as it is shown below. Write the algebraic expressions describing their areas. Describe the algebraic expressions in English.




Indicate which pairs of expressions or words are translated correctly.
- wyrażenie algebraiczne - algebraic expression
- wartość liczbowa wyrażenia algebraicznego - numeral value of the algebraic expression
- obwód - perimeter
- pole - area
- suma - product
- trójkąt - square
- area
- sum
- suma
- wartość liczbowa wyrażenia algebraicznego
- pole
- obwód
- perimeter
- algebraic expression
- wyrażenie algebraiczne
- numeral value of the algebraic expression
Glossary
wyrażenie algebraiczne – wyrażenie, w którym, oprócz liczb, znaków działań
i nawiasów, występują litery
Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl
wymowa w języku angielskim: algebraic expressions
pole
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wymowa w języku angielskim: area
wartość liczbowa wyrażenia algebraicznego – wartość wyrażenia obliczona po wstawieniu danych liczb w miejsce liter
Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl
wymowa w języku angielskim: numeral value of the algebraic expression
obwód
Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl
wymowa w języku angielskim: perimeter
iloczyn
Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl
wymowa w języku angielskim: product
prostokąt
Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl
wymowa w języku angielskim: rectangle
romb
Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl
wymowa w języku angielskim: rhombus
kwadrat
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wymowa w języku angielskim: square
suma
Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl
wymowa w języku angielskim: sum
trójkąt
Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl
wymowa w języku angielskim: triangle
Keywords
algebraic expressionalgebraic expression
areaarea
numeral value of the algebraic expressionnumeral value of the algebraic expression
perimeterperimeter
sumsum