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The picture below shows a young man working late in the office. He seems to be tired and disheartened. Have you ever experienced being totally overwhelmed with your home or school duties? In this section, you are going to read the text about three people at different stages of their careers. You will find out how each of them dealt with work related stress, prioritising their life and what made them happier.

Poniższe zdjęcie przedstawia młodego mężczyznę pracującego do późna w biurze. Wygląda on na zmęczonego i zniechęconego. Czy kiedykolwiek doświadczyłeś/doświadczyłaś uczucia całkowitego przytłoczenia obowiązkami domowymi lub szkolnymi? W tej sekcji przeczytasz tekst o trzech osobach na różnych etapach kariery zawodowej. Dowiesz się, w jaki sposób każda z nich radziła sobie ze stresem związanym z pracą i ustalała priorytety w życiu oraz co sprawiało, że była szczęśliwsza.

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Working late in the office – a necessity or a choice?
Praca do późnych godzin – konieczność czy wybór?
Źródło: dostępny w internecie: www.unsplash.com [dostęp 6.02.2022], domena publiczna.
Exercise 1
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Study the following words or expressions and match them with the correct definitions. lower priority Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. having too many duties at once, 2. a mental state achieved by concentrating on the present moment, 3. the most crucial, 4. to limit or make space between you and the other people or you and work, 5. something that is not urgent or of great importance, 6. general health and happiness, 7. stress caused by work) mindfulness Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. having too many duties at once, 2. a mental state achieved by concentrating on the present moment, 3. the most crucial, 4. to limit or make space between you and the other people or you and work, 5. something that is not urgent or of great importance, 6. general health and happiness, 7. stress caused by work) overwhelmed Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. having too many duties at once, 2. a mental state achieved by concentrating on the present moment, 3. the most crucial, 4. to limit or make space between you and the other people or you and work, 5. something that is not urgent or of great importance, 6. general health and happiness, 7. stress caused by work) wellbeing Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. having too many duties at once, 2. a mental state achieved by concentrating on the present moment, 3. the most crucial, 4. to limit or make space between you and the other people or you and work, 5. something that is not urgent or of great importance, 6. general health and happiness, 7. stress caused by work) work-related stress Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. having too many duties at once, 2. a mental state achieved by concentrating on the present moment, 3. the most crucial, 4. to limit or make space between you and the other people or you and work, 5. something that is not urgent or of great importance, 6. general health and happiness, 7. stress caused by work) supreme importance Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. having too many duties at once, 2. a mental state achieved by concentrating on the present moment, 3. the most crucial, 4. to limit or make space between you and the other people or you and work, 5. something that is not urgent or of great importance, 6. general health and happiness, 7. stress caused by work) set boundaries Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. having too many duties at once, 2. a mental state achieved by concentrating on the present moment, 3. the most crucial, 4. to limit or make space between you and the other people or you and work, 5. something that is not urgent or of great importance, 6. general health and happiness, 7. stress caused by work)
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 1

Look at the graph and answer the questions below with “YES” or “NO”.

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Źródło: dostępny w internecie: www.freepik.com [dostęp 29.03.2022], domena publiczna.
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Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Read the text below about three people sharing their life and work experience and then, do the exercises.

Trying to Live Better
Ewelina Ramontowska Trying to Live Better

Tyra, aged 36

My story? Well, to tell you the truth, I used to be a workaholic. My job was my priorityprioritypriority. I would never choose to go to a family meeting if I didn’t finish a project or submitsubmitsubmit a report. Sometimes I even gave up on celebrations as important as my mother’s birthdays, not to mention countless Sunday family dinners. I strongly believed that my siblings and parents would forgive my frequent absence. After all, should they truly require my presence, we could always meet some other time. Except, this “other time” never happened because I was always busy and I exerted pressureexerted pressure [exert pressure]exerted pressure on myself without any rational reason. I was always on time, ready to act, aid my team workers, and answer any work‑related querieswork‑related queries [work‑relatef query]work‑related queries whether I was on the clock or not, which I now realise sounds unhealthy. My reports were always impeccableimpeccable impeccable, too accurate but conciseconciseconcise and if there was a speck of misunderstanding, I fixed it at once. I thought that I was perfectly contentcontentcontent and fulfilled as the job rewarded all my efforts… until that call. One day, my sister rang and informed me that our father had had a stroke. For the first time in my career, I took a day offtook a day off [take a day off] took a day off and, surprisingly, felt no remorseremorseremorse. While I was dashingdashing [dash]dashing to the hospital, I started to ponderponderponder on my life, which suddenly seemed devoid ofdevoid ofdevoid of everything truly important due to my misplaced prioritiesmisplaced priorities [misplaced priority]misplaced priorities. I desperately wished I had spent more time with my dad. I reprimanded myself over and over for giving my parents lower prioritylower prioritylower priority than my job and I promised myself to change it. The very next day, when my father woke up, I called my office and, to their astonishment, I took a week off. I had eventually realised I needed time to unwindtime to unwindtime to unwind and devote myself to my family.

Uhtred, aged 27

I couldn’t bear the pressure and ongoing assessmentassessmentassessment in my company. There was a sign on my boss’s door: “You should have done it yesterday” as meeting deadlinesmeeting deadlines [meet a deadline]meeting deadlines were more than mandatorymandatorymandatory. Each of the employees’ desks had a slogan written on it, such as “Make your job a prioritymake your job a priority [make something a priority]Make your job a priority” or, to my horror: “A 40‑hour work week40‑hour work week40‑hour work week is for weaklingsweaklings [weakling]weaklings, be a strongman”. Nothing was more crucial than sales figures, customer satisfaction, and being available at any time of day or night. Nobody took unforeseen circumstancescircumstances [circumstance]circumstances under consideration, even if you had serious health or family‑related issues, which, as everybody knows, occuroccuroccur more often than we'd like to think. In short, you were obliged to do your job on time no matter what and at the cost of your personal life. After two years of working in such a toxic atmosphere and with those, frankly insaneinsaneinsane, requirements, I was literally exhausted. The job I sacrificed myself for was a tremendous source of stresssource of stress source of stress in my life and it was the time when my body and mind started to rebel. Well, it couldn’t have ended any other way: I experienced severe burnoutburnout burnout. One day, motivating myself to keep on working appeared to be beyond my capacitybeyond my capacitybeyond my capacity because I felt so depressed and disheartened. The only way out was to unplugunplug unplug from my workplace which wasn’t easy at all. I felt really tired but simultaneously I didn’t have the slightest idea how to let my hair downlet my hair down [let one’s hair down]let my hair down. It took me a while to prioritiseprioritise prioritise my life again and learn how to relax, and, however difficult it was, I managed. Nowadays, should a company require this type of commitment from me, I simply refuse to work for them.

Brida, aged 50

It took me almost 40 years to realise that my wellbeingwellbeing wellbeing is my priority. I have been feeling exceptionally well since I discovered the peace and quiet inside me. I cherishcherishcherish my privacy, my space, and my needs day by day as these elements turn out to be of supreme importancesupreme importancesupreme importance to gain tranquillity of mindtranquillity of mindtranquillity of mind. Why is privacy crucial? Once you set boundariesset boundaries [set a boundary]set boundaries with possessivepossessivepossessive people, tiresome workmates, and a demanding boss, you are likely to retrieveretrieveretrieve a great piece of your life: time. It is often the time to recoverrecoverrecover from ailmentsailments [ailment]ailments caused by work‑related stresswork‑related stresswork‑related stress such as migraines, sleep disorders, or even depression. It's also the time to mend relationships with those who we really love. Why space? Having your own place, particularly aesthetic and pleasing to the eye, helps to boost recovery timerecovery timerecovery time and, above all, enables you to clear your head. Finally, the needs. Only by recognising your true needs are you capable of accessing so‑called mindfulnessmindfulnessmindfulness – the state of being here and now. It is nothing more than soundsound (adjective)sound mental health which can be reached by meditation, concentration techniques, and acceptance of the surrounding world. It is certainly easier said than doneeasier said than doneeasier said than done – you may be lucky enough to find a spiritual guide, someone who will lead you on the right path. If I hadn’t met my beloved yoga teacher, I certainly wouldn’t have reached this stage of self‑development on my own. Nevertheless, everyone can do it – you only have to want it. I wish everyone focused more on their needs, their inner voice, practised self‑carepractise self‑carepractised self‑care, and became as at peace as I am.

1 Źródło: Ewelina Ramontowska, licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Exercise 2
Based on the information from the text, decide whether the sentences are true or false.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Exercise 3
Read the text above. Then, fill in the text summary with appropriate words. Tyra’s and Uhtred’s stories are diverse. She was a     4.1 Tu uzupełnij     for whom the job was a priority whereas Uhtred felt pressure to make sacrifices for his work. He suffered a lot because of high demands and being under constant     4.2 Tu uzupełnij.     What is more, he was horrified by having more than a 40-hour     4.3 Tu uzupełnij     4.4 Tu uzupełnij.     Tyra started to      4.5 Tu uzupełnij     her family life again after her father's health problems while Uhtred experienced severe     4.6 Tu uzupełnij     that changed his approach to work/life balance.      Brida, on the other hand, appeared to be a content woman who achieved so-called     4.7 Tu uzupełnij.     It took her decades but she finally realised that her 4.8 Tu uzupełnij     should come first.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 4

Correct the false sentences, so that they match information from the text.

  1. Tyra believed she was content with her life until she went trough a stress‑related mental breakdown.

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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Possible answer:azurewhite
  1. Despite the eye‑opening event that Tyra experienced, she resumed her work as normal.

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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Possible answer:azurewhite
  1. In the beginning, Uhtred had a positive approach to his workplace's requirements.

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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Possible answer:azurewhite
  1. Despite everything, Uhtred was in the sound mental state while working at the company.

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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Possible answer:azurewhite
  1. Brida has always valued her general wellbeing.

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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Possible answer:azurewhite
  1. While Brida is satisfied with her life, she understands it's not for everyone.

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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Possible answer:azurewhite
Exercise 5

Answer the questions below in 3‑4 sentences each.

  1. What is the major source of stress in your life? When do you experience it? Is it school, peers, the number of tasks you have to juggle, or something entirely different?

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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Show hintazurewhite
Show answerazurewhite
  1. What gives you peace of mind? In what kind of situations do you feel calm and relaxed? When did you last feel peace and quiet?

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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Show hintazurewhite
Show answerazurewhite

Słownik

40‑hour work week
40‑hour work week

/ ˈfɔːti ˈaʊə ˈwɜ:k wiːk /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

czterdziestogodzinny tydzień pracy (standard set of hours many full‑time employees work)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
ailments [ailment]
ailments [ailment]

/ ˈeɪlmənts / / ˈeɪlmənt /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

dolegliwości [dolegliwość] (a minor illness)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
a speck of
a speck of

/ ə spek ɒv /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

odrobina (czegoś) (a tiny amount)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
assessment
assessment

/ əˈsesmənt /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

ocena (an opinion or a judgement about somebody/something)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
beyond my capacity
beyond my capacity

/ bɪˈjɒnd maɪ kəˈpæsɪti /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

poza moimi możliwościami (referring to something I am not able to do)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
burnout
burnout

/ ˈbɜːˌnɑːwt /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wypalenie zawodowe (the state of being extremely tired or ill, either physically or mentally, because you have worked too hard)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
cherish
cherish

/ ˈtʃerɪʃ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wielbić, cenić (to care for and value someone or something that is important to you)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
circumstances [circumstance]
circumstances [circumstance]

/ ˈsɜː.kəm.stɑːnsɪz / / ˈsɜː.kəm.stɑːns /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

okoliczności [okoliczność] (a fact or condition connected with or relevant to an event or action)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
concise
concise

/ kənˈsaɪs /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

zwięzły, konkretny (giving only the information that is necessary and important, using few words)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
content
content

/ kənˈtent /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

zadowolony (satisfied)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
dashing [dash]
dashing [dash]

/ ˈdæʃɪŋ / / ˈdæʃ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

mknąłem/mknęłam [mknąć] (to move fast)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
devoid of
devoid of

/ dɪˈvɔɪd ɒv /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

pozbawiony czegoś (to lack or be without something that is necessary or usual)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
easier said than done
easier said than done

/ ˈiːzɪə ˈsed ðən dʌn /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

łatwiej powiedzieć niż zrobić (when something seems like a good idea but would be difficult to do)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
exerted pressure [exert pressure]
exerted pressure [exert pressure]

/ ɪɡˈzɜːtɪd ˈpreʃə / / ɪɡˈzɜːt ˈpreʃə /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wywierałam presję [wywierać presję] (use influence, authority, or pressure in a strong or determined way, especially in order to produce a particular effect)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
flurry of thoughts
flurry of thoughts

/ ˈflʌri əv ˈthetaɔːts /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

natłok myśli, gonitwa myśli (a sudden and usually temporary growth of unwanted thoughts)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
high priority
high priority

/ ˌhaɪ praɪˈɒrɪti /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

priorytetowy, najważniejszy (of the highest importance)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
impeccable
impeccable

/ ɪmˈpekəbl̩ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

nieskazitelny (flawless, perfect)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
ins and outs 
ins and outs 

/ ɪnz ənd ˈaʊts /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

tajniki, szczegóły czegoś (the detailed or complicated facts of something)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
insane
insane

/ ɪnˈseɪn /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

tu: niedorzeczny (extremely unreasonable)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
let my hair down [let one’s hair down]
let my hair down [let one’s hair down]

/ ˈlet maɪ heə daʊn / / ˈlet wʌnz heə daʊn /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wyluzować się (to allow yourself to behave much more freely than usual and enjoy yourself)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
lower priority
lower priority

/ ˈləʊə praɪˈɒrɪti /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

niższy priorytet, tu: traktować jako mniej ważne (something that is not urgent or of great importance)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
make your job a priority [make something a priority]
make your job a priority [make something a priority]

/ ˈmeɪk jə dʒɒb ə praɪˈɒrɪti / / ˈmeɪk ˈsʌmthetaɪŋ ə praɪˈɒrɪti /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

traktuj pracę priorytetowo [traktować coś priorytetowo] (make something the most important)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
mandatory
mandatory

/ ˈmændətr̩i /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

obowiązkowy (obligatory)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
meeting deadlines [meet a deadline]
meeting deadlines [meet a deadline]

/ mi:tɪŋ ˈdedlaɪnz / / miːt ə ˈdedlaɪn /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

dotrzymywanie terminów [dotrzymać terminu] (finish work/task on time, by the agreed date)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
mindfulness
mindfulness

/ ˈmaɪndflnəs /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

stan uważności osiągany poprzez koncentrację na byciu tu i teraz (a mental state achieved by concentrating on the present moment)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
misplaced priorities [misplaced priority]
misplaced priorities [misplaced priority]

/ ˌmɪsˈpleɪst praɪˈɒrɪtɪz / / ˌmɪsˈpleɪst praɪˈɒrɪti /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

tu: niewłaściwie ulokowane priorytety [niewłaściwie ulokowany priorytet] (a priority that does not show good judgment)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
obstacle
obstacle

/ ˈɒbstəkl̩ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

przeszkoda, utrudnienie (a situation, an event, etc. that makes it difficult for you to do or achieve something)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
occur
occur

/ əˈkɜː /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

tu: zdarzać się, pojawiać się (to happen)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
ponder
ponder

/ ˈpɒndə /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

zastanawiać się (wonder, consider)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
possessive
possessive

/ pəˈzesɪv /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

zaborczy/zaborcza (demanding total attention, time or love)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
practise self‑care
practise self‑care

/ ˈpræktɪs self keə /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

dbać o siebie w sensie fizycznym i mentalnym (consciously do things that preserve or improve your mental or physical health)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
prioritise
prioritise

/ praˈjɔːəˌtaɪz /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

określić priorytety (to put tasks, problems, etc. in order of importance)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
priority
priority

/ praɪˈɒrɪti /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

priorytet (something most important)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
recover
recover

/ rɪˈkʌvə /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

odzyskać, np. spokój, zdrowie, siły (return to a normal state of health, mind or strength)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
recovery time
recovery time

/ rɪˈkʌvəri ˈtaɪm /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

czas powrotu do zdrowia (time needed to get better)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
remorse
remorse

/ rɪˈmɔːs /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wyrzuty sumienia, skrucha (a feeling of sadness and being sorry for something you have done)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
retrieve
retrieve

/ rɪˈtriːv /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

odzyskać (to get or bring something back)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
set boundaries [set a boundary]
set boundaries [set a boundary]

/ set ˈbaʊndrɪz / / set ə ˈbaʊndri /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

stawiać granice, np. w kontaktach z innymi ludźmi lub w pracy [stawiać granicę] (to limit or make space between you and the other people or you and work)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
sound (adjective)
sound (adjective)

/ saʊnd /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

tu: w dobrej kondycji (in good condition)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
source of stress
source of stress

/ sɔːs əv stres /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

źródło stresu (the cause of stress)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
strenuous
strenuous

/ ˈstrenjʊəs /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

uciążliwy (needing great effort and energy)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
submit
submit

/ səbˈmɪt /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

dostarczyć (to hand in or send)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
supreme importance
supreme importance

/ suːˈpriːm ɪmˈpɔːtns /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

najwyższe znaczenie (the most crucial importance)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
took a day off [take a day off]
took a day off [take a day off]

/ ˈtʊk ə ˈdeɪ ɒf / / ˈteɪk ə ˈdeɪ ɒf /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wzięłam dzień wolny [wziąć dzień wolny] (to have a day free from work)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
time to unwind
time to unwind

/ ˈtaɪm tu ˌʌnˈwaɪnd /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

czas na relaks, odpoczynek (time to relax and rest)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
tranquillity of mind
tranquillity of mind

/ trænˈkwɪlɪti əv maɪnd /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

spokój umysłu (peace of mind)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
trigger (noun)
trigger (noun)

/ ˈtrɪɡə /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wyzwalacz (something that is the cause of a particular reaction or development, especially a bad one)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
trigger (verb)
trigger (verb)

/ ˈtrɪɡə /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wyzwalać (to make something happen suddenly; initiate)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
unplug
unplug

/ ʌnˈplʌɡ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

odłączyć zasilanie; tu: odłączyć się tymczasowo od obowiązków, pracy czy codzienności (to temporarily withdraw from the responsibilities and obligations of everyday life)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
unplugging
unplugging

/ ʌnˈplʌɡɪŋ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

odłączanie zasilania; tu: odłączanie się tymczasowo od obowiązków, pracy czy codzienności (temporary withdrawing from the responsibilities and obligations of everyday life)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
vicious
vicious

/ ˈvɪʃəs /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

podstępny, złośliwy (malicious)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
weaklings [weakling]
weaklings [weakling]

/ ˈwiːklɪŋz / / ˈwiːkl̩ɪŋ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

słabeusze/słabeuszki [słabeusz/słabeuszka] (someone weak)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
wellbeing
wellbeing

/ ˌwelˈbiːɪŋ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

dobre samopoczucie (general health and happiness)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
work‑related queries [work‑relatef query]
work‑related queries [work‑relatef query]

/ ˈwɜ:k rɪˈleɪtɪd ˈkwɪərɪz / / ˈwɜ:k rɪˈleɪtɪd ˈkwɪəri /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

zapytania mające związek z pracą [zapytanie mające związek z pracą] (questions related to work)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
work‑related stress
work‑related stress

/ ˈwɜ:k rɪˈleɪtɪd stres /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

stres związany z pracą (tension resulting from situations connected with one’s job)]

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.