Topicm30168f571be107f7_1528449000663_0Topic

Prime and composite numbers

Levelm30168f571be107f7_1528449084556_0Level

Second

Core curriculumm30168f571be107f7_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

II. Operations on the natural numbers.

The student:

1) recognises oneoneone or two‑digit composite numbercomposite numbercomposite number, also if the divisibility rule indicates the presence of proper divisordivisordivisor;

2) recognises the multiples of given number, the squares, the cubes, the prime and composite numbers.

Timingm30168f571be107f7_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General objectivem30168f571be107f7_1528449523725_0General objective

Reading, interpreting and processing data presented in various forms.

Specific objectivesm30168f571be107f7_1528449552113_0Specific objectives

1) Recognising the prime and the composite numbers.

2) Using the divisibility rulesdivisibility rulesdivisibility rules to classify the numbers.

3) Communicating in English; developing mathematical and basic scientific, technical and digital competences; developing learning skills.

Learning outcomesm30168f571be107f7_1528450430307_0Learning outcomes

The student:

- recognises the prime and the composite numbers,

- using the divisibility rulesdivisibility rulesdivisibility rules.

Methodsm30168f571be107f7_1528449534267_0Methods

1) Learning game.

2) Situational analysis.

Forms of workm30168f571be107f7_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1) Individual work.

2) Pair work.

Lesson stages

Introductionm30168f571be107f7_1528450127855_0Introduction

Students give the examples of the multiples of divisors of the natural numbers. They also revise the divisibility rulesdivisibility rulesdivisibility rules by 2,3 and 5.

Procedurem30168f571be107f7_1528446435040_0Procedure

Teacher introduces the topic of the lesson: discovering the prime and the composite numbers.

Learning game. All students stand up. They count from two and identify themselves with the number they have said.

Teacher gives the following instructions:

The even numbers, larger than 2 perform squat and sit down.

The multiples of 3, larger than 3 stand up if they sat .Next, they jump and sit down.

Numbers divisible by 5, larger than five stand up if they sat.Next, they turn around and sit down.

Students who still stand say step by step which number corresponds with them. The teacher writes these numbers on the board and explains they are called the prime numbers. The numbers corresponding with the sitting students are called the composite numbers.

Discussion: What divisors do the prime numbers have? How many divisors are there? What common feature do the prime numbers have? What divisors the composite numbers have? How many divisors do the composite numbers have at least? Is it a constant number?

The students come up with following conclusions:
- The prime numbers divide by one and by themselves only. Therefore they have exactly two divisors.
- The composite numbers divide not only by one and by themselves. Therefore they have at least three divisors.
m30168f571be107f7_1527752263647_0- The prime numbers divide by one and by themselves only. Therefore they have exactly two divisors.
- The composite numbers divide not only by one and by themselves. Therefore they have at least three divisors.

Discussion: What numbers were omitted at the beginning?What are the divisors of the numbers :0 and 1?How many of them are there? Do the numbers: 0 and 1 divide by themselves? Are the numbers: 0 and 1 the prime or the composite numbers?

The conclusions:
- Zero divides by all the natural numbers. So it has the infinite number of divisors. Although it doesn’t divide by itself.
- One has got only one divisor: one.
- Numbers : 0 and 1 are neither prime nor composite numbers.
m30168f571be107f7_1527752256679_0- Zero divides by all the natural numbers. So it has the infinite number of divisors. Although it doesn’t divide by itself.
- One has got only one divisor: one.
- Numbers : 0 and 1 are neither prime nor composite numbers.

Students work individually using their computers. They are going to analyse the slideshow concerning the method of identifying the prime numbers within 100.

[Slideshow]

Using the information they have gained the students write down the prime numbers of the given features.

Task
Write the least and the largest two‑digit prime numberprime numberprime number.

Task
Write the least 12 prime numbers and check if their sum is divisible by 3. The students use their knowledge about the divisibility rulesdivisibility rulesdivisibility rules of natural numbers.

Task
Among the following five numbers only oneoneone is the prime numberprime numberprime number. Identify it.

112; 101; 225; 121; 2,001.

Task
Pair work. The students use their computers. They are going to find some curiosities about the prime numberprime numberprime numbers e.g. using large prime numbers to encrypt messages, the ways of searching them, the largest prime numberprime numberprime number that has been discovered so far.

An extra task
Find on the Internet the information about the emirpemirpemirp numbers. Among the prime numbers smaller than 100, write down all the pairs of emirpemirpemirp numbers.

Lesson summarym30168f571be107f7_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

The students do the summarising tasks.

Then they sum up the classes drawing the conclusion to memorise:

- The natural positive number with two or more divisors is called the composite numbercomposite numbercomposite number.

- The natural number larger than oneoneone with two divisors only: one and itself is called the prime numberprime numberprime number.

- Numbers: 0 and 1 are neither prime nor composite numbers.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

composite numbercomposite numbercomposite number

divisibility rulesdivisibility rulesdivisibility rules

divisordivisordivisor

emirpemirpemirp

even numbereven numbereven number

multiplemultiplemultiple

oneoneone

prime numberprime numberprime number

sieve of Eratosthenessieve of Eratosthenessieve of Eratosthenes

zerozerozero

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one1
one

jeden

RrOCnjni7FLS61
wymowa w języku angielskim: one
composite number1
composite number

liczba złożona - liczba naturalna, która ma więcej niż dwa dzielniki i jest liczbą różną od zera

R103mNevYA2Lk1
wymowa w języku angielskim: composite number
divisor1
divisor

dzielnik

RDgMIpwWMXYWc1
wymowa w języku angielskim: divisor
divisibility rules1
divisibility rules

cechy podzielności liczb

R1TvG7Ip799rR1
wymowa w języku angielskim: divisibility rules
prime number1
prime number

liczba pierwsza - liczba naturalna, która ma tylko dwa dzielniki: jeden i samą siebie

RH9euSfp5ldEr1
wymowa w języku angielskim: prime number
emirp1
emirp

liczba lustrzana

Rl4hJD8acRPHa1
wymowa w języku angielskim: emirp
even number1
even number

liczba parzysta

R13Xvbgi2L5On1
wymowa w języku angielskim: even number
multiple1
multiple

wielokrotność

R1OTLwYGBAT6P1
wymowa w języku angielskim: multiple
sieve of Eratosthenes1
sieve of Eratosthenes

sito Eratostenesa

RVKjU3S2jxf271
wymowa w języku angielskim: sieve of Eratosthenes
zero1
zero

zero

RmO0zcY3kPDsc1
wymowa w języku angielskim: zero