Zasady postępowania w przypadku awarii systemu komputerowego

One of the greatest threats to data collected on the computer are computer users. Their  distraction, carelessness, disregard for basic procedures, fatigue, lack of knowledge of computers are often the cause of data lossdata lossdata loss or computer failurefailurefailure. Our overconfidence, being sure that nothing can go wrong, and if it does, that we will be able to fix it ourselves, have indirectly led to many “computer disasters”. You cannot trust the computer and software completely as disaster can happen at the least expected moment. You must be aware of many online threats. Failure will surely occur, but you do not know when. You must be prepared for it.

The signals indicating the defectdefectdefect of the computer:

• BIOS beep codesbeep codesbeep codes,

• burning smellburning smellburning smell,

• the noisy operation of a hard disc drive,

• blue error screens,

• the unstableunstableunstable operation of the system,

• problems with starting the computer.

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Zrzut ekranu przedstawia procedurę POST, czyli test poprawności działania podstawowych podzespołów: pamięci RAM, grafiki, dysków twardych, procesora wykonywanego przy każdym uruchomieniu lub po restarcie. Na ekranie widoczne są komunikaty dotyczące Biosu: AMI BIOS (C) 20077 American Megatrends, płyty głównej: Inc. ASUS P5KPL ACPI BIOS Revision 0603, procesora: CPU Intel (R) Pentium (R) Dual CPU E2180 @ 2.00GHz Speed: 2.51 GHz Count: 2. Poniżej informacj dotyczące dodatkowych opcji uruchamiania komputera: Press DEL to run SETUP, Press F8 for BBS POPUP. Poniżej informacje o zainstalowane pamięci: DDR2-667 in Dual-Channel Intrleaved Mode, 3584MB OK. Na dole okranu napis (C) American Megatrends, Inc.

A power‑on self‑test (POST) is a process performed by BIOS/UFI immediately after the computer is powered on that verifies the correct operation of the basic componentscomponentscomponents of the computer. The correct completion of the test is signaled with a single beep. If POST is not completed successfully, the sequence of beeps from the PC speaker is generated. These signals, and more precisely their number and duration, are error codes. By referring to the instruction manual, you can determine the cause of the problem. Modern motherboards, instead of using a quite inconvenient beep code, present the results of POST with the use of colour LEDs or the display on the motherboard. During hardware failurefailurefailure BIOS displays the so called BIOS System Messages, which inform about the type of hardware defect.

Hardware defectdefectdefect, though costly, is often not the biggest problem you have to face in the event of failure. The resources which have been collected on the computer can sometimes be more valuable than the defected hardware itself. Therefore it is extremely important to regularly backupbackupbackup the most important files. It is worth to store the files containing valuable data in multiple copies saved on various mediamediamedia (e.g. on CD/DVD, in memories or on removable discs).

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Ilustracja przedstawia napis ERROR. Wypełnienie liter stanowi tak zwany blue screen, czyli informacje o błędzie systemu Windows zapisane białą czcionką na niebieskim tle.

In order to prevent computer system failurefailurefailure:

• use the computer in aproppriate conditions,

• maintain hardware regularly,

• use antivirus software,

• do not use the administrator account during regular work,

• perform regular updates of the system and the most important programmes,

• backupbackupbackup your data,

• be cautious and avoid threats.

Before starting the diagnostic process, check the power supply of your computer. Inspect all the cables, e.g. those connecting the processor with the monitor. If you suspect hardware defectdefectdefect, it is recommended to start another operating system on the given computer (from a CD/DVD or a pendrive) and observe the operation of hardware. Live operating systems are perfectly suited for this purpose.

An excellent preventive measure to protect your data collected on the computer against failure is to separate data from the operating system by installing them on some other partition of the hard disc.

The computer is a complex device and if you lack sufficient knowledge, you should turn to a specialized service with your computer system failurefailurefailure. Any immediate and misguided actions are not recommended since they may result in data lossdata lossdata loss and even bigger defects.

Exercises

Glossary

Keywords

backupbackupbackup

data lossdata lossdata loss

defectdefectdefect

failurefailurefailure