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Written method of multiplication of the natural numbers

Source: licencja: CC 0.

Mnożenie pisemne liczb naturalnych

Learning objectives

You will discover the written method of multiplication of the natural numbers.

Learning effect

  • You multiply the natural numbers using the written method.

  • You use the correct order of operations.

  • You use English to describe the written method of multiplication of the natural numbers.

Prepares for the lesson:

1. the sheet of paper with the table below:

Table

E 34456

A 18207

I 1121000

L 497116

A 845000

D 61002

S 4129

O 456234

T 32334

M 13050

U 1221000

E 564000

W 61712

K 3996

Z 1950

N 19013

2. a set of 10 cards. Write one of the following operations on each card: 75 ⋅ 26; 108 ⋅ 37; 304 ⋅ 203; 9400 ⋅ 60; 2220 ⋅ 550; 450 ⋅ 29; 1902 ⋅ 17; 6500 ⋅ 130; 4009 ⋅ 124; 867 ⋅ 21.

Revise the written method of addition and subtraction of the natural numbersnatural numbersnatural numbers, multiplying the natural numbersnatural numbersnatural numbers and order of operations.

Today you are going to use the written method to multiply the natural numbersnatural numbersnatural numbers.

Task 1
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nagranie abstraktu

Analyse the slideshow concerning the written method of multiplication of the natural numbersnatural numbersnatural numbers.

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Pokaz multimedialny - mnożenie liczb naturalnych. Instrukcja obsługi z poziomu klawiatury: 1. Uruchomienie aplikacji - ENTER, 2. Na każdym ze slajdów czytany jest automatycznie tekst alternatywny po polsku, 3. Przy pierwszym uruchomieniu na pierwszym slajdzie, czytanie tekstu po angielsku - TAB, 4. Przejście między slajdami: do następnego slajdu - TAB, do poprzedniego slajdu - TAB + SHIFT, 5. Przejście do czytania napisu po angielsku - strzałka w górę + strzałka w dół (czyta tekst po angielsku widoczny na slajdzie).
Multiplication of natural numbers
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Consider:

  • How do we write the natural numbersnatural numbersnatural numbers to multiply them using the written method?

  • How do we do such multiplication?

  • How do we multiply two numbers which have zeros at the end?

Conclusion
  1. To multiply two number using the written method we write them in such a way the unitsunitsunits are below the unitsunitsunits, the tenstenstens below the tenstenstens, the hundredshundredshundreds below the hundredshundredshundreds etc.

  2. We multiply the number written above by the unit written below, then by the tenstenstens, hundredshundredshundreds etc. The productproductproduct of the subsequent digit of the number below should be written in the appropriate place. Finally we add the productproductproduct we have gained.

  3. If we multiply the natural numbersnatural numbersnatural numbers with the zeros at the end we omit the zeros first. Then we write as many zeros to the final result as the both factors had.

Exercise 1
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nagranie abstraktu

Use the set which you have prepared earlier: the sheet with the table and ten cards. Use the written method to calculate the operations on the paper. Next they look for the appropriate result and cover it with the card. The remained letters read in the vertical way make the key word - the name of the inventor.

Task 2
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nagranie abstraktu

Calculate using the written method:

a) 50349
b) 4300012300
c) 987632

Task 3
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nagranie abstraktu

Write the task in the form of the arithmetic expression and calculate its value.

a) Increase the number of 4321 by 15 times.
b) Multiply the differencedifferencedifference between the numbers of 8790 and 8245 by 11.
c) Increase by 905 the productproductproduct of numbers 6008 and 13.

Task 4
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nagranie abstraktu

An extra task:

Fill the gap * with the appropriate digits.

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The arithmetic expression
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Remember:

To multiply two number using the written method we write them in such a way the unitsunitsunits are below the unitsunitsunits, the tenstenstens below the tenstenstens, the hundredshundredshundreds below the hundredshundredshundreds etc.

We multiply the number written above by the unit written below, then by the tenstenstens, hundredshundredshundreds etc. The productproductproduct of the subsequent digit of the number below should be written in the appropriate place. Finally we add the productproductproduct we have gained.

If we multiply the natural numbersnatural numbersnatural numbers with the zeros at the end we omit the zeros first. Then we write as many zeros to the final result as the both factors had.

Exercises

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Exercise 3
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Determine which sentences are true. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. The product of the numbers 1111 and 88 is larger than 100000., 2. The result of the operation of 3500 · 160 has got four zeros at the end., 3. The result of operation of 3400 · 980 equals the result of the operation of 34 · 98000., 4. The result of operation of 795 · 3 is an odd number., 5. The product of the numbers 306 and 12 is larger than the product of the numbers 305 and 13.
Exercise 4

Increase the product of the numbers 56 and 125 by 12 times. Use the written method of multiplication.

Exercise 5
  1. 427637

  2. 500129

  3. 150007500.

Describe the written method of multiplication of the natural numbers in English.

Exercise 6
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Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Indicate which pairs of expressions or words are translated correctly. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. liczby naturalne - natural numbers, 2. mnożenie pisemne - written multiplication, 3. iloczyn - product, 4. różnica - difference, 5. większa liczba - units, 6. setki - thousands
zadanie
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Interaktywna gra, polegająca na łączeniu wyrazów w pary w ciągu jednej minuty. Czas zaczyna upływać wraz z rozpoczęciem gry. Jeden ruch to odkrywanie najpierw jednej potem drugiej karty z wyrazem. Każdy wyraz jest odczytywany. Kolejny ruch to odkrywanie trzeciej i czwartej karty. W ten sposób odsłuchasz wszystkie wyrazy. Nawigacja z poziomu klawiatury za pomocą strzałek, odsłuchiwanie wyrazów enterem lub spacją. Znajdź wszystkie pary wyrazów.
Source: Zespół autorski Politechniki Łódzkiej, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Glossary

difference
difference

różnica

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wymowa w języku angielskim: difference
hundreds
hundreds

setki

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wymowa w języku angielskim: hundreds
larger number
larger number

większa liczba

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wymowa w języku angielskim: larger number
natural numbers
natural numbers

liczby naturalne – 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, …

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wymowa w języku angielskim: natural numbers
product
product

iloczyn – wynik mnożenia

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wymowa w języku angielskim: product
tens
tens

dziesiątki

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wymowa w języku angielskim: tens
thousands
thousands

tysiące

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wymowa w języku angielskim: thousands
units
units

jedności

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wymowa w języku angielskim: units
written multiplication
written multiplication

mnożenie pisemne

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wymowa w języku angielskim: written multiplication

Keywords

differencedifferencedifference

larger numberlarger numberlarger number

natural numbersnatural numbersnatural numbers

productproductproduct

written multiplicationwritten multiplicationwritten multiplication