Topicme8c0282680b7e800_1528449000663_0Topic

Units of data storage

Levelme8c0282680b7e800_1528449084556_0Level

Second

Core curriculumme8c0282680b7e800_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

Grades VII‑VIII

III. Using the computer, digital devices and computer networks. The student:

3) uses correctly the terminology related to computer science and technology.

Timingme8c0282680b7e800_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General objectiveme8c0282680b7e800_1528449523725_0General objective

Describing the units of data storage.

Specific objectivesme8c0282680b7e800_1528449552113_0Specific objectives

1. Identifying the units of data storage.

2. Describing the binary numeral systembinary numeral systembinary numeral system.

Learning outcomesme8c0282680b7e800_1528450430307_0Learning outcomes

The student:

- identifies the units of data storage,

- describes the binary numeral system.

Methodsme8c0282680b7e800_1528449534267_0Methods

1. Sentence completion.

2. Learning through observation.

Forms of workme8c0282680b7e800_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1. Individual work.

2. Class work.

Lesson stages

Introductionme8c0282680b7e800_1528450127855_0Introduction

The task of the students was to revise the terms bitbitbit and bytebytebyte. They order the information on this topic by using the sentence completion method.

The smallest unit of information used in computer science is the _____ (bit).

The unit symbol for the bit is the _____ (lower‑case letter b).

The bit can have one of two values: _____ (1 or 0).

Nowadays a unit that is more commonly used as the basic unit of information is the _____  (byte).

The unit symbol for the byte is the _____ (upper‑case character B).

The byte corresponds to _____ (8 bits).

Procedureme8c0282680b7e800_1528446435040_0Procedure

The bit is the smallest volume of information stored on the computer. The unit symbol for the bit is the lower‑case letter b. The bit can have only one of two values: 0 (zero) or 1 (one). The convenience of applying such a concept is that the computer can identify two voltage statesvoltage statesvoltage states in its components:

- 0 – no voltage,
- 1 – high voltage (almost 5 V).

Calculations performed by the computer are based on the binary numeral systembinary numeral systembinary numeral system.

[Illustration 1]

The computer cannot address the particular bits of its main memory (primary storage). The smallest addressable unit of memory is the byte (which consists of bits). One byte can consists of any number of bits, however it is usually assumed that the byte corresponds to 8 bits.
The binary numeral system, or base‑2 numeral system, is a positional notation with a radix (base) of 2. To represent numbers, only two digits are needed: 0 and 1. The system is commonly used in digital electronics.
me8c0282680b7e800_1527752263647_0The computer cannot address the particular bits of its main memory (primary storage). The smallest addressable unit of memory is the byte (which consists of bits). One byte can consists of any number of bits, however it is usually assumed that the byte corresponds to 8 bits.
The binary numeral system, or base‑2 numeral system, is a positional notation with a radix (base) of 2. To represent numbers, only two digits are needed: 0 and 1. The system is commonly used in digital electronics.

10112=1110
10112=1·23+0·22+1·21+1·20=8+0+2+1=1110

[Table 1]

Unit multiples:

In practice, storage capacitystorage capacitystorage capacity and data transfer speed are expressed in unit multiples that are the multiples of bytes. Thus:

1 kilobyte [kB] = 2Indeks górny 10 bytes = 1024 bytes [B]

1 megabyte [MB] = 2Indeks górny 10 kilobytes = 1024 kilobytes [kB]

1 gigabyte [GB] = 2Indeks górny 10 megabytes = 1024 megabytes [MB]

1 terabyte [TB] = 2Indeks górny 10 gigabytes = 1024 gigabytes [GB]

1 petabyte [PB] = 2Indeks górny 10 terabytes [TB]

[Interactive graphics]

Task 1

What is the data storage of the main memorymemorymemory of your computer? What is the data storage of the hard disc drive of your computer?

Task 2

What is the data storage of the folders: Windows, Program Files and the user folder which you work on? Which of them takes up the largest disc space?me8c0282680b7e800_1527752256679_0What is the data storage of the folders: Windows, Program Files and the user folder which you work on? Which of them takes up the largest disc space?

Lesson summaryme8c0282680b7e800_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

In order to specify the volume of data that can be stored on data storage devices or in random‑access memorymemorymemory, the units of data storage are used: bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes. Data storage is represented in the binary system, not in the decimal system. The base of the binary system is 2.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

binary numeral systembinary numeral systembinary numeral system

bitbitbit

bytebytebyte

memorymemorymemory

numeral systemnumeral systemnumeral system

positional notationpositional notationpositional notationpositional notationpositional notation

storage capacitystorage capacitystorage capacity

voltage statesvoltage statesvoltage states

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binary numeral system1
binary numeral system

system dwójkowy (binarmy)

R1eaMJDITXzL11
wymowa w języku angielskim: binary numeral system
bit1
bit

bit

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wymowa w języku angielskim: bit
byte1
byte

bajt

RkBYfO863dUWe1
wymowa w języku angielskim: byte
voltage states1
voltage states

stany napięcia

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wymowa w języku angielskim: voltage states
storage capacity1
storage capacity

pojemności urządzeń

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wymowa w języku angielskim: storage capacity
memory1
memory

pamięć

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wymowa w języku angielskim: memory
numeral system1
numeral system

system liczbowy

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wymowa w języku angielskim: numeral system
positional notation1
positional notation

pozycyjny system liczbowy

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wymowa w języku angielskim: positional notation