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Percentages

Source: licencja: CC 0.

Procenty

Learning objectives

You will develop competences in communicating in English; mathematical and basic competences in science, technology, IT, and you will develop your earning skills.

You will review and consolidate your knowledge of percentages.

Learning effect

  • You do calculations on percentages.

  • You calculate compound interest in simple situations related to interest rates on cash deposits.

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nagranie abstraktu

Think what you remember about operations on percentages.

Check what you remember by solving the following tasks.

Task 1
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nagranie abstraktu

Calculate.

1. 124% of the number 45.

2. 3313% of the number 333.

3. Calculate the number of which 2,5% is equal to 130.

4. Calculate the number that 360% is equal to 45.

5. Calculate what percentagepercentagepercentage of the number x is the number y, if:
a) x = 1320, y = 330,
b) x = 6434, y = 458.

6. The number x is 6623% of the number y. What percentage of the number x is the number y?

7. The number x is 125% of the number y. What percentage of the number x is the number y?

Task 2

Open the applet.

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Aplet przedstawia sposób obliczania kapitału uzyskanego na lokacie przy różnych sposobach obliczania odsetek. Galeria z opisami alternatywnymi poniżej.
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Compound interest
Definition: Compound interest
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nagranie abstraktu

Compound interestcompound interestCompound interest - the interest rateinterest rateinterest rate on the cash contribution in which interests for a given interest period are added to the contribution (they are subject to capitalization).

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nagranie abstraktu

Compound interestcompound interestCompound interest is the addition of interest to the principal sum of a loan or deposit, or in other words, interest on interest. It is the result of reinvesting interest, rather than paying it out, so that interest in the next period is then earned on the principal sum plus previously accumulated interest:

K=K0=1+rmn·m

where:

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nagranie abstraktu

K - value of the final capital,
KIndeks dolny 0 - value of the cash contribution,
n - number of saving years, 
m - number of capitalization periods during the year, 
r - annual interest rateinterest rateinterest rate (written in decimal form).

Task 3
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nagranie abstraktu

Michał deposited 5000 złoty into the bank for an interest‑bearing deposit of 5% on an annual basis. Calculate how much money Michał will have after 2 years.

Consider two cases: capitalization of interest on a quarterly basis and capitalization of interest once a year. Which way is better for Michał?

Task 4

An extra task:

A. The interest rateinterest rateinterest rate on the bank deposit was 3,5% and increased by 2 percentagepercentagepercentage points. How much has the interest rate increased?

B. After the product price has been reduced twice, each time by the same percentage, its final price is 81% of the initial price. By what percentage was the price of the goods reduced every time?

C. The price of a certain item was increased by 15% and then decreased by 15%. What percentage of the initial price was the final price?

On completion of all the tasks do the revision exercises.

Remember:

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nagranie abstraktu
  • PercentagepercentagePercentage - this is one hundredth part of the whole.

  • Percentage point - unit of difference between the values of one size and the second size, given in percent.

  • Compound interestcompound interestCompound interest - is the interest rateinterest rateinterest rate on a cash contribution in which interest for a given interest period is added to the contribution (subject to capitalization).

Exercises

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Exercise 1
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Determine which sentences are true. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. The interest rate on the deposit was 10% and it increased by 2,5 percentage points, that is, it increased by 25%., 2. A number 30% greater than the number 70 is the number 91., 3. The bank increased the interest rate on the loan from 20% to 24%, thus the interest increased by 25%., 4. There are two squares given. The side length of the first square is 7% greater than the side length of the second square. Thus the area of the first square is 7% larger than the square area of the second one., 5. The side length of the triangle ABC has been increased by 25% and the altitude lowered on this side has been reduced by 25%. The surface area of the triangle thus obtained is equal to the triangle area ABC., 6. 36% of the number 45 is 16,2.
Exercise 2

When skin gets burnt with hydroxides, the burnt site is washed with a 5% citric acid solution. Calculate how many grams of acid and how many grams of water should be used to make 250 g of a five percent solution.

Exercise 3

Describe in English the Polish tax system.

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Exercise 4
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Match Polish terms with their English equivalents. diagram Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. compound interest, 2. interest rate, 3. percentage concentration, 4. percentage, 5. percentage points, 6. diagram stężenie procentowe Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. compound interest, 2. interest rate, 3. percentage concentration, 4. percentage, 5. percentage points, 6. diagram procent Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. compound interest, 2. interest rate, 3. percentage concentration, 4. percentage, 5. percentage points, 6. diagram punkty procentowe Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. compound interest, 2. interest rate, 3. percentage concentration, 4. percentage, 5. percentage points, 6. diagram procent składany Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. compound interest, 2. interest rate, 3. percentage concentration, 4. percentage, 5. percentage points, 6. diagram stopa procentowa Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. compound interest, 2. interest rate, 3. percentage concentration, 4. percentage, 5. percentage points, 6. diagram
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Interaktywna gra, polegająca na łączeniu wyrazów w pary w ciągu jednej minuty. Czas zaczyna upływać wraz z rozpoczęciem gry. Jeden ruch to odkrywanie najpierw jednej potem drugiej karty z wyrazem. Każdy wyraz jest odczytywany. Kolejny ruch to odkrywanie trzeciej i czwartej karty. W ten sposób odsłuchasz wszystkie wyrazy. Nawigacja z poziomu klawiatury za pomocą strzałek, odsłuchiwanie wyrazów enterem lub spacją. Znajdź wszystkie pary wyrazów.
Source: Zespół autorski Politechniki Łódzkiej, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Glossary

compound interest
compound interest

procent składany

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wymowa w języku angielskim: compound interest
diagram
diagram

diagram

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wymowa w języku angielskim: diagram
interest rate
interest rate

stopa procentowa

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wymowa w języku angielskim: interest rate
percentage
percentage

procent

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wymowa w języku angielskim: percentage
percentage concentration
percentage concentration

stężenie procentowe

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wymowa w języku angielskim: percentage concentration
percentage points
percentage points

punkty procentowe

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wymowa w języku angielskim: percentage points

Keywords

diagramdiagramdiagram

interest rateinterest rateinterest rate

percentagepercentagepercentage

percentage concentrationpercentage concentrationpercentage concentration – liczba gramów substancji znajdująca się w 100 g roztworu

percentage pointspercentage pointspercentage points – jednostka różnicy między wartościami jednej wielkości a drugiej wielkości, podanych w procentach