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The altitude of the triangle

Source: licencja: CC 0.

Wysokość trójkąta

Learning objectives

You will learn the notion of the altitude of the triangle.

Learning effect

  • You recognise the altitudes of the triangle.

  • You draw the altitudes of the triangle.

  • You describe the properties of altitudes of the triangle in English.

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nagranie abstraktu

Before the lesson cut out in self‑adhesive paper three triangles (the acute‑angled, the right‑angled and the obtuse‑angled).

Today you are going to learn the notion of the altitudealtitudealtitude of the triangle. You are going to find out how to recognise the altitude of the triangletriangletriangle and construct it using the set square.

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nagranie abstraktu

Draw an acute‑angled triangleacute‑angled triangleacute‑angled triangle and answer the following questions:

  • How many segments connecting the triangletriangletriangle vertexvertexvertex with its opposite sidesideside can be drawn?

  • Which of these segments is the shortest?

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nagranie abstraktu
The altitude of the triangle
Definition: The altitude of the triangle

The altitude of the triangle is the segmentsegmentsegment connecting its vertexvertexvertex with the opposite sidesideside or its extension which is perpendicularperpendicularperpendicular to this side.

The triangletriangletriangle has got three altitudes.

The altitudealtitudealtitude of the triangle is marked with the small letter h.

Task 1
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nagranie abstraktu

Answer the following questions:

  • Is it possible to draw a few altitudes out of one vertexvertexvertex?

  • How many altitudes does the triangletriangletriangle have?

Task 2
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nagranie abstraktu

Open the applet. Change the position of the vertices of the triangle KOT.

Observe how the mutual position of the altitudes of the triangletriangletriangle change depending on the changes of the positions of its vertices.

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Geogebra aplet - wysokości trójkąta. Galeria z opisami alternatywnymi poniżej.
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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nagranie abstraktu

After finishing the task answer the following questions:

  • Is it possible for the altitudealtitudealtitude of the triangletriangletriangle to be its sidesideside at the same time?

  • Is it possible for the altitude of the triangle to be situated outside of the figure?

  • Do the altitudes of the triangle intersect at one point? If they do so, what type of triangle is it?

  • Do the straight lines containing the altitudes of the triangletriangletriangle always intersect at one point?

  • How do you think you can check if the segmentsegmentsegment you have drawn is the altitudealtitudealtitude of the triangle?

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nagranie abstraktu

The description below shows how to construct the altitude of the triangletriangletriangle.

You can draw the altitudealtitudealtitude of the triangle using the perpendicularperpendicularperpendicular arms of the set squareset squareset square. One arm should cover the base of the triangle and the other one should intersect the opposite vertexvertexvertex.

In obtuse‑angled triangles the altitudes drawn out of the vertices of the obtuse angles are situated outside of the triangletriangletriangle. Before we draw the altitudes we should extend these sides.

Task 3
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Look at the figurefigurefigure below. Think of the place where you should put your set squareset squareset square to draw the altitudealtitudealtitude.

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Task 4
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Stick the triangles you have prepared into your notebooks. Using the set squareset squareset square draw all altitudes of these triangles.

Task 5

An extra task:

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Construct the altitudealtitudealtitude of an acute triangletriangletriangle using the compass.

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You have already learned that the altitudealtitudealtitude of the triangle is the segmentsegmentsegment connecting its vertexvertexvertex with the opposite side (or the extended sidesideside) at the right angle.

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Remember:

  • We can draw three altitudes in each triangletriangletriangle.

  • The straight lines containing the altitudes of the triangle always intersect at one point regardless of the type of the triangletriangletriangle.

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nagranie abstraktu

Complete the summary exercises.

Exercises

Exercise 1
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Triangles
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Indicate the figures in which the green segment is the altitude of the triangle. Tick the correct answer. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Figure A, 2. Figure B, 3. Figure C, 4. Figure D, 5. Figure E, 6. Figure F, 7. Figure G, 8. Figure H
zadanie
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Exercise 2

Draw the acute‑angled, right‑angled and obtuse‑angled triangle. Using the set square draw all the altitudes in each of these triangles.

Exercise 3

Describe in English the properties of the altitudes of the acute, right and obtuse triangles.

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Exercise 4
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Indicate which pairs of expressions or words are translated correctly. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. wierzchołek - vertex, 2. wysokość - altitude, 3. ekierka - set square, 4. bok - segment, 5. odcinek - side, 6. trójkąt ostrokątny - obtuse-angled triangle, 7. trójkąt rozwartokątny - acute-angled triangle
zadanie
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Interaktywna gra, polegająca na łączeniu wyrazów w pary w ciągu jednej minuty. Czas zaczyna upływać wraz z rozpoczęciem gry. Jeden ruch to odkrywanie najpierw jednej potem drugiej karty z wyrazem. Każdy wyraz jest odczytywany. Kolejny ruch to odkrywanie trzeciej i czwartej karty. W ten sposób odsłuchasz wszystkie wyrazy. Nawigacja z poziomu klawiatury za pomocą strzałek, odsłuchiwanie wyrazów enterem lub spacją. Znajdź wszystkie pary wyrazów.
Source: Zespół autorski Politechniki Łódzkiej, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Glossary

acute‑angled triangle
acute‑angled triangle

trójkąt ostrokątny

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wymowa w języku angielskim: acute‑angled triangle
altitude
altitude

wysokość

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wymowa w języku angielskim: altitude
obtuse‑angled triangle
obtuse‑angled triangle

trójkąt rozwartokątny

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wymowa w języku angielskim: obtuse‑angled triangle
perpendicular
perpendicular

prostopadły

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wymowa w języku angielskim: perpendicular
figure
figure

figura

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wymowa w języku angielskim: figure
segment
segment

odcinek

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nagranie abstraktu
set square
set square

ekierka

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wymowa w języku angielskim: set square
side
side

bok

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wymowa w języku angielskim: side
triangle
triangle

trójkąt

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wymowa w języku angielskim: triangle
vertex
vertex

wierzchołek

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nagranie abstraktu

Keywords

altitudealtitudealtitude

acute‑angled triangleacute‑angled triangleacute‑angled triangle

sidesideside

triangletriangletriangle

vertexvertexvertex