Topicmaa0cf0f7eff0312f_1528449000663_0Topic

Sources of light and speed of light

Levelmaa0cf0f7eff0312f_1528449084556_0Level

Second

Core curriculummaa0cf0f7eff0312f_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

IX. Optics. The student:

1) illustrates the straight line propagation of light in a homogeneous medium.

Timingmaa0cf0f7eff0312f_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General learning objectivesmaa0cf0f7eff0312f_1528449523725_0General learning objectives

Illustrates the straight line propagation of light in a homogeneous medium and determines what a light source is.

Key competencesmaa0cf0f7eff0312f_1528449552113_0Key competences

1. Recognises natural and artificial light sources.

2. Describes the straight line propagation of light.

Operational (detailed) goalsmaa0cf0f7eff0312f_1528450430307_0Operational (detailed) goals

The student:

- classify light sources into natural and artificial ones,

- explains how light propagates.

Methodsmaa0cf0f7eff0312f_1528449534267_0Methods

1. Discussion.

2. Experiment.

Forms of workmaa0cf0f7eff0312f_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1. Individual work.

2. Group work.

Lesson stages

Introductionmaa0cf0f7eff0312f_1528450127855_0Introduction

Discussion:

The teacher asks the students the question:

What is a light source?

Students discuss the problem in small groups, formulate their own definitions and write them on the cards. The results are presented on the class forum and the definition is formulated, which they write on the board and in the notebooks.

Proceduremaa0cf0f7eff0312f_1528446435040_0Procedure

Students are supposed to recognize the sources of light known to them from everyday life.

Task 1

Look at the picture and write down all the light sources you recognized.

[Illustration 1]

Students classify the results obtained using the definition of a natural and artificial source of light.

Light sources are classified into natural and artificial.

Natural light source is an object created by nature that emits light.

Artificial light source is a man‑made source of light.

Task 2

Determine which of the sources of light you found in Command 1 are natural and which are artificial.

Students formulate a hypothesis and investigate how light propagates.

Experiment

Research problem:

How does light travel?

Hypothesis:

Light propagates in straight lines.

You will need:

- laser pointer,

- water vapour or chalk dust.

Instruction:

In a darkened room a water vapour or scattered chalk dust is sprayed over a path of the ray of light from the laser pointer. The students observe the behaviour of light.

Experiment summary:

Experiment has shown that light propagates in a homogeneous medium in straight lines.

Students get familiar with the isotropic (uniform in all directions) propagation of light.

Task 3

Watch a slideshow and think about where you've seen similar phenomena like these shown on the photos. Answer the question: How does light propagate in space? Is some direction of propagation privileged? Make an appropriate sketch.

Answer:

Light in a homogeneous medium, if there is no obstacle, propagates in straight lines and isotropically (uniform in all directions).

[Slideshow]

The students evaluate the speed of light during discussion in small groups.

Task 4

If we turn off and turn on the light in the room, it gets instantly bright. Try to compare the speed of light with the speed of known objects (car, plane, missile, rocket).

Answer:

The light travels at about 300000 kms.

Students study the effect of the size of the light source on the size of the light beam. They get familiar with the method of graphical presentation of straight line propagation of light.

Task 5

The amount of light emitted by artificial light sources, e.g. lamps or torches, is limited by how they were constructed.
Use the applet to analyse how the size of the light source and opaque obstacles affect the size and propagation of the light beam.
Try by changing the position of the aperture, the position of the light source and the size of the light source.

Make a note of what happens to the light beam when:
1. The diameter of the light source increases.
2. The light source is placed deeper and deeper in the housing.
3. When we apply and gradually increase the opening of the aperture.
4. When the aperture is getting closer to the light source without changing the size of its opening.
maa0cf0f7eff0312f_1527752256679_0The amount of light emitted by artificial light sources, e.g. lamps or torches, is limited by how they were constructed.
Use the applet to analyse how the size of the light source and opaque obstacles affect the size and propagation of the light beam.
Try by changing the position of the aperture, the position of the light source and the size of the light source.

Make a note of what happens to the light beam when:
1. The diameter of the light source increases.
2. The light source is placed deeper and deeper in the housing.
3. When we apply and gradually increase the opening of the aperture.
4. When the aperture is getting closer to the light source without changing the size of its opening.

[Geogebra applet]

The teacher asks students how they understand the statement „We see thanks to light.”

The students discuss in the class forum, what conditions must be met so that the human eye can see the item.

Task 6

Explain what conditions must be met so that the human eye can see the item. Which of the following situations describes the pattern of human vision?

[Illustration 2]

Lesson summarymaa0cf0f7eff0312f_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

A light source is an object that emits light radiation.
Light sources are classified into artificial, man‑made and natural, created by nature. The light emitted by the source propagates in straight lines in all directions. The light propagates at a speed of about 300000 kms. In order to achieve the effect of seeing an object, a source that emits light is needed, an object that reflects light and an eye that receives it.
maa0cf0f7eff0312f_1527752263647_0A light source is an object that emits light radiation.
Light sources are classified into artificial, man‑made and natural, created by nature. The light emitted by the source propagates in straight lines in all directions. The light propagates at a speed of about 300000 kms. In order to achieve the effect of seeing an object, a source that emits light is needed, an object that reflects light and an eye that receives it.

In order to achieve the effect of seeing an object, a source that emits light is needed, an object that reflects light and an eye that receives it.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

artificial source of lightartificial source of lightartificial source of light

beam of lightbeam of lightbeam of light

characteristiccharacteristiccharacteristic

light sourcelight sourcelight source

natural source of lightnatural source of lightnatural source of light

rayrayray

speedspeedspeed

straight linestraight linestraight line

traveltraveltravel

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artificial source of light1
artificial source of light

sztuczne źródło światła - źródło światła wytworzone przez człowieka np. żarówka, ekran telewizora

RKjslGLuCPyZA1
wymowa w języku angielskim: artificial source of light
beam of light1
beam of light

wiązka światła

Rb6N5g73nfOV51
wymowa w języku angielskim: beam of light
characteristic1
characteristic

cecha

R128TegWQa3dK1
wymowa w języku angielskim: characteristic
ray1
light source1
light source

źródło światła - to obiekt, który emituje promieniowanie świetlne

RfGMRnSm3JN8q1
wymowa w języku angielskim: light source
natural source of light1
natural source of light

naturalne źródło światła - źródło światła występujące w przyrodzie np. błyskawica, gwiazda

R1W3rorJg5Bn31
wymowa w języku angielskim: natural source of light
speed1
speed

prędkość

R1PpfqUmpEX8T1
wymowa w języku angielskim: speed
straight line1
straight line

linia prosta

RRrCxzJbFzDwX1
wymowa w języku angielskim: straight line
travel1
travel

rozchodzić się, poruszać

RwieE9uWFQkkG1
wymowa w języku angielskim: travel