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Cylinders, cones and spheres in practical situations

Source: licencja: CC 0.

Walce, stożki i kule w sytuacjach praktycznych

Learning objectives

  • You will discover the cylinder, the cone and the sphere among other solids.

Learning effect

  • You recognise the cylinder, the cone and the sphere among other solids.

  • You describe the elements of the cylinder and the cone.

  • You use English to describe the cylinder, the cone and the sphere.

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nagranie abstraktu
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nagranie abstraktu

Today you are going to learn about the cylindercylindercylinder, the coneconecone and the spherespheresphere and the elements of the cylinder and the cone.

Apart from the prisms and the pyramids you have already known there are other models of solids. Such models are for example the flower pot, a can, a birthday cap or a ball.

Task 1

Watch the applet to watch how cylindercylindercylinder is constructed and what element is it made of.

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Aplet geogebra: Cylinder. Poniżej znajduje się galeria będąca wersją alternatywną dla aplikacji.
Cylinder
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nagranie abstraktu
  • The cylindercylindercylinder is a solid, which was made as a result of rotating a rectangle about one of its sides.

  • The generating linegenerating linegenerating line is every segment whose endings belong to the bases of cylinder included in the lateral surface of the cylinder.

  • The altitude of the cylinder is the every perpendicular segment between the bases. In particular the generating line of a cylinder is its altitude.

Task 2

Watch the applet to watch how the right triangle was rotated to make the coneconecone and what elements is a cone made of.

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Aplet geogebra: Cone. Poniżej znajduje się galeria będąca wersją alternatywną dla aplikacji.
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Conclusion:

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nagranie abstraktu
  • The coneconecone is a solid, which was made as a result of rotating a right triangle about the line including one of its legs.

Task 3
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nagranie abstraktu

Cut out a circle. Cut it in such a way to get half a circle and two quarters. Next, stick two lateral surfaces of two cones: half a circle and a quarter of the circle (one quarter is still left). After tracing the bases of the cones in your notebook consider which basebasebase of the cones has a greater diameter. Compare the altitude of both cones.

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nagranie abstraktu
  • The basebasebase of the coneconecone whose lateral surface was the half a circle has larger diameter.

  • The cone whose lateral surface was the quarter of circle has larger altitude.

Task 4
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nagranie abstraktu

An orange is in a shape of the spherespheresphere. Find out some information about the sphere, what it is made of.

Task 5

An extra task:

Construct a model of an object of everyday use made of the elements of the cylinders, the cones and the spheres.

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nagranie abstraktu
  • The cylindercylindercylinder is a solid, which was made as a result of rotating a rectangle about one of its sides.

  • The generating linegenerating linegenerating line is every segment whose endings belong to the bases of cylinder included in the lateral surface of the cylinder.

  • The altitude of the cylinder is the every perpendicular segment between the bases. In particular the generating line of a cylinder is its altitude.

  • The coneconecone is a solid, which was made as a result of rotating a right triangle about the line including one of its legs.

Check what you have learned by doing the following tasks.

Exercises

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Exercise 1
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Determine which sentence is true. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. The cylinder has got two bases., 2. The cones has got two bases., 3. The base of the cone is a circle.
zadanie
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Exercise 2

There are three money boxes on the table: first in a shape of the spherespheresphere, the second one in a shape of the cylinder and the third one in a shape of the coneconecone. Guess, who is the owner of which money box.

  • Ala described has money box as following: „My money box hasn’t got edges, it has got two bases which are the circles”.

  • Adam said: „My moneybox hasn’t got any faces”.

  • Kasia noticed: „My money box has got only one basebasebase but it hasn’t got any edges which are the segments”.

Exercise 3

Take the rectangle with dimensions of 6,5 cm x 13 cm stick the lateral surface of the cylinder. Trace the base of it. How many methods can you use to do the task? What are the altitudes of the cylinder?

Describe the construction of the cylinder in English.

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Exercise 4
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Indicate which pairs of expressions or words are translated correctly. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. walec - cylinder, 2. stożek - cone, 3. kula - sphere, 4. podstawa - base, 5. bryła obrotowa - generating line, 6. tworząca - solid of revolution
zadanie
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Interaktywna gra, polegająca na łączeniu wyrazów w pary w ciągu jednej minuty. Czas zaczyna upływać wraz z rozpoczęciem gry. Jeden ruch to odkrywanie najpierw jednej potem drugiej karty z wyrazem. Każdy wyraz jest odczytywany. Kolejny ruch to odkrywanie trzeciej i czwartej karty. W ten sposób odsłuchasz wszystkie wyrazy. Nawigacja z poziomu klawiatury za pomocą strzałek, odsłuchiwanie wyrazów enterem lub spacją. Znajdź wszystkie pary wyrazów.
Source: Zespół autorski Politechniki Łódzkiej, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Glossary

cylinder
cylinder

walec

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wymowa w języku angielskim: cylinder
cone
cone

stożek

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wymowa w języku angielskim: cone
sphere
sphere

kula

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wymowa w języku angielskim: sphere
base
base

podstawa

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wymowa w języku angielskim: base
solid of revolution
solid of revolution

bryła obrotowa

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wymowa w języku angielskim: solid of revolution
generating line
generating line

tworząca

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wymowa w języku angielskim: generating line

Keywords

cylindercylindercylinder

coneconecone

spherespheresphere

basebasebase

solid of revolutionsolid of revolutionsolid of revolution