Topic: Your body

Author: Zyta Sendecka

Target group

Students of the 4th grade of an elementary school.

Core curriculum

4th grade of an elementary school

IV. Me and my body.

The student:

1) lists the systems that build the human body: skeletal, respiratory, digestive, circulatory, reproductive and nervous systems, and gives their basic functions.

The general aim of education

The students give the names and functions of selected systems that build the human body and the main organs of these systems.

Criteria of success

• You will name the six systems that build the human body and the main organs building these systems;

• name the functions of the selected systems.

Key competences

• communication in the mother tongue;

• communication in a foreign language;

• digital competence;

• learning to learn;

Methods / techniques

Conversation, work with text, and workshop method.

Individual work and frontal work.

Teaching aids

• abstract;

• interactive or traditional board;

• tablets/computers;

Before lesson

Before the lesson, the students take photos of themselves on a white background in the position shown in the picture

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Ilustracja przedstawiająca dziewczynkę prosto stojącą przy ścianie z odsuniętymi od ciała rękami i dłońmi przylegającymi do ściany oraz rozstawionymi nogami.

and print them in a size such as a notebook page. Then, they cut out the figure, draw it eight times on blank sheets, cut them out again and bring this set (9 figures) to the lesson

Lesson plan overview (Process)

Introduction

1. The teacher gives the topic, the goals of the lesson in a language understandable for the student, and the criteria of success.

2. The teacher asks the students about facts that show that a person is alive. What does a person have to do to live? The teacher writes down the ideas on the board and explains that they are vital activities.

Realization

1. The teacher asks the students to become familiar with the graphic entitled „Selected organs in the human body” and indicate which organs can be assigned to the activities on the board.

2. Then, on the previously prepared figures, the students draw organ systems - each system on a separate figures - using pencils or markers, and based on the graphic included in the e‑textbook entitled „Human body structure”.

3. After drawing a set of organ systems, they order them as listed in the graphic entitled „Human body structure”, putting their figures on top. Using a stapler, they connect the figures at the top (above the head).

4. The teacher asks the students to try to explain what would happen to the human body if a person did not have the system the teacher points to.

Summary

• The teacher asks the students to perform an interactive task by themselves.

• The teacher asks the students to finish the sentence:

On today's lesson I liked...

The following terms and recordings will be used during this lesson

Terms

Texts and recordings

Your body

Your body is a complex and fascinating mechanism that enables many important tasks to be performed. Your body allows you to move, breathe, eat and explore the world – watch the beauty of nature, listen to birds singing, smell the flowers and taste fruits.

Human body consists of a huge number of cells. Most of them are microscopic – if you placed several dozen of them one next to the other, they would form a one millimetre long line. Some cells are larger – like nerve cells which protrusions may be up to one metre long. To put it simply, a cell is the smallest component of your body where biological processes happen: it consumes nutrients, breathes, reproduces itself and releases substances it does not need. Cells are the building blocks of tissues (e.g. muscle tissue) which, in turn, form organs, such as brain or heart. Organs work together as organ systems.

Organs perform specific functions in the body. For example, lungs enable gas exchange, i.e. the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide. Heart pumps blood and distributes it across the body. Brain supervises how all the other organs work. Kidneys act like filters intercepting harmful substances from blood and then removing them from the body with urine. Stomach is responsible for fragmentation and digestion of food. In the intestines, nutrients contained in food are absorbed into the blood and stool is formed. Bones and muscles let us move. Sense organs, i.e. eyes, nose, ears and tongue receive stimuli from the environment enabling us to explore the world.

Organs work together in groups called organ systems. Each system has a specific task to perform. For example, respiratory system enables the iptake of oxygen that we need to live and the release of carbon dioxide. Digestive system is responsible for providing the body with nutrients. Cardiovascular system, including heart, carries blood throughout the body distributing important substances, such as oxygen and nutrients. Nervous system, with the brain as its main organ, controls the operation of other organs and systems. Sense organs like eyes, ears, tongue, skin, and nose enable the reception of stimuli from the outside and from the inside of the body. Thanks to them we can see, hear, get to know the flavors and smells. Musculoskeletal system that enables the body to move consists of the skeleton and muscles. Reproductive system enables us to reproduce. Women’s and men’s reproductive organs are different.

• All parts of the human body consist of a huge number of different cells.

• Cells similar to one another build the tissues from which the organs are made. Organ groups form systems that perform specific functions.

• The human body is a team of many organ systems cooperating with each other. The brain controls the work of the whole body.