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Modern communication services. Job market transformation.

Link to the lesson

Before you start you should know
  • which world regions are underdeveloped, and which are highly developed;

  • how the employment structure allows you to assess the level of economic development.

You will learn
  • to explain what the 4th sector of economy is;

  • to describe the diversity in the access to the information and communication technologies in the world;

  • to explain how the job market is changing because of the development of the information and communication technologies;

  • to discuss the changes in everyday life because of the development of the information and communication technologies;

  • to list profits and losses resulting from the development of the information and communication technologies.

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Nagranie dźwiękowe abstraktu

The influence of the information and communication technologies on the job market

Task 1

Point the elements included in the information and communication technologies. Then explain what is the role of the ICTICT (information and communications technology)ICT today. Write down the positive and negative aspects of it.

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Elements included in the information and communication technologies: (Uzupełnij). The role of ICT today: (Uzupełnij). Positive aspects of ICT (Uzupełnij). Negative aspects of ICT (Uzupełnij).

Information and communication technologies like any other tool bring a lot of benefits but also a lot of threats. It is important to remember that their abilities can be used against us even if we do not have bad intentions.

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Losses resulting from computer-related crimes
Source: Dariusz Adryan, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Modern transformation of the employment structures

Traditionally, we can distinguish three economic sectors: agriculture, industry and services. The contribution of services in the employment of all people increases along with the level of the development of the country. In highly developed countries it is very often above 75%.

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Changes in the employment structure
Source: Dariusz Adryan, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Such a structure of the employment in individual sectors of economy results from the development of technology. Automated technology has reduced the need for employees performing repetitive tasks. Plastic, miniaturization and recycling of the materials decrease the need for raw materials necessary to produce many items. At the same time, it turned out that the process of creation is much simpler than later selling the product. Thus there was an increase in a demand for information about the size of the expected market, the diversity of people's wealth and their habits or even about growth and weight of potential customers. Banks and insurance companies needed to know about the financial situation of borrowers. For transport companies the essence was to know about goods to transport as well as expected weather conditions at a specific place and time. To let the economy function efficiently, the development of services that enables fast and safe contacts, is crucial.

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The employment structure in selected countries (according to CIA Factbook)
Source: Dariusz Adryan, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

The development of the information and communication technologies has caused many significant changes in the job market. The basic tool in many places became a computer hence the common need to master computer skills. At the same time there is an increasing demand for creative people to create more and more advanced computer software.

Geographic aspects of the development of the information and communication technologies

The abolition of technological time and spatial constraint led to new phenomena: offshoringoffshoringoffshoring and outsourcingoutsourcingoutsourcing. Both terms do not have Polish equivalents.

Task 2

Using the e‑book, explain the terms: offshoring and outsourcing.

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Offshoring (Uzupełnij) Outsourcing (Uzupełnij).
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Mapa świata zawiera oznaczenia wraz z podpisami. 1. World. Countries best for outsourcing. USA 59%, Kanada 60%, Jamajka 73%, Kostaryka 75%, Argentyna 76%, RPA 65%, Egipt 80%, Polska 79%, Ukraina 70%, Estonia 93%, Federacja Rosyjska 73% Chiny 90%, Indonezja 94%, Indie 100%. 2. The outsourcing capacity of states in comparison with the potential of India. Outsourcingowy potencjał państw w porównaniu z potencjałem Indii wynosi 100%. Argentyna 76%, Chiny 90%, Federacja Rosyjska 73%, Malezja 82%, Indonezja 94%, Egipt 80%. Polska i Republika Czeska 79%. 3. - a country with a potential for outsourcing less than 50% of India's potential- area without a permanent population, np. Australia, Środowy Wschód, Europa Zachodnia, Afryka, Japonia, Mongolia.
The world. The best countries for outsourcing.
Source: Wydawnictwo Edukacyjne Wiking, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Digital exclusion

Information and communication technologies are developing very quickly. According to estimates, in the middle of 2014, almost 3 billion people have already had an access to the Internet, which is about 40% of world population. At the same time, that means that 4 billions people still do not have such access. It is about 25% of the European population and 80% of the sub‑Saharan population.

Task 3
Explain the term digital exclusion. Analyse the summary from the e‑book the Internet throughout the world. Countries with high and low percentage of people with Internet access. Indicate examples of countries and present your conclusions.
Explain the term digital exclusion. Analyse the summary from the e‑book the Internet throughout the world. Countries with high and low percentage of people with Internet access. Indicate examples of countries and present your conclusions.
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Własnymi słowami zdefiniuj wybrane terminy ze słownika.
Task 4

Using source materials such as e‑book, geography book, Internet resources and the statistical yearbooks, prepare the information about mobile phones development in the world.

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(Uzupełnij).
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Exercise 1
Point three countries in the world that best meet the conditions for outsourcing. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. China, 2. Tunisia, 3. India, 4. United Arab Emirates, 5. Poland, 6. Indonesia
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Exercise 2
Indicate three European countries that best meet the conditions for outsourcing. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Estonia, 2. Portugal, 3. Spain, 4. Bulgaria, 5. Lithuania, 6. Greece, 7. Poland
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Exercise 3
Match the term with the right description. Relocation of a part of the company abroad to reduce costs and to increase its efficiency Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Communication, 2. Offshoring, 3. Digital exclusion, 4. Outsourcing. Hiring a specialized subcontractor to carry out a part of the production process Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Communication, 2. Offshoring, 3. Digital exclusion, 4. Outsourcing. Lack of access to the information and communication technologies; the reason might be the place of living, lack of infrastructure, inability of using a device, cultural reasons Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Communication, 2. Offshoring, 3. Digital exclusion, 4. Outsourcing. Field of communication that concerns sending and transmitting information (in any form) Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Communication, 2. Offshoring, 3. Digital exclusion, 4. Outsourcing.

Keywords

information and communication technologies, job market, employment structures, offshoring, outsourcing, social exclusion

Glossary

digital exclusion
digital exclusion
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Nagranie dźwiękowe słówka

wykluczenie cyfrowe - brak dostępu do technologii informacyjno‑komunikacyjnych; przyczyną może być miejsce zamieszkania, brak infrastruktury, nieumiejętność obsługi urządzenia, względy kulturowe.

ICT (information and communications technology)
ICT (information and communications technology)
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Nagranie dźwiękowe słówka

Technologie Informacyjno‑komunikacyjne

offshoring
offshoring
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Nagranie dźwiękowe słówka

Przeniesienie części firmy za granicę w celu ograniczenia kosztów i podniesienia jej efektywności.

outsourcing
outsourcing
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Nagranie dźwiękowe słówka

Wynajęcie wyspecjalizowanego podwykonawcy do realizacji części procesu produkcyjnego.