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The picture below shows a job interview. What do employers expect from candidates now? Qualifications or experience? Read the text to find out.

Poniższe zdjęcie przedstawia rozmowę kwalifikacyjną. Czego pracodawcy oczekują teraz od kandydatów? Kwalifikacji czy doświadczenia? Przeczytaj tekst, aby się tego dowiedzieć.

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What do employers expect from you?
Czego oczekują od ciebie pracodawcy?
Źródło: dostępny w internecie: www.freepik.com [dostęp 9.06.2022], domena publiczna.
Exercise 1
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Match the idioms to the correct sentences. Learn the ropes Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Establish high standards, 2. Practical skills, knowledge, 3. Unable to make a decision, 4. Become familiar with the duties at work, 5. Be an expert in something Set the bar high Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Establish high standards, 2. Practical skills, knowledge, 3. Unable to make a decision, 4. Become familiar with the duties at work, 5. Be an expert in something To know all the ins and outs Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Establish high standards, 2. Practical skills, knowledge, 3. Unable to make a decision, 4. Become familiar with the duties at work, 5. Be an expert in something Hands-on experience Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Establish high standards, 2. Practical skills, knowledge, 3. Unable to make a decision, 4. Become familiar with the duties at work, 5. Be an expert in something Be on the fence Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Establish high standards, 2. Practical skills, knowledge, 3. Unable to make a decision, 4. Become familiar with the duties at work, 5. Be an expert in something
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Study the text to learn more about the arguments for and against having job experience and qualifications. What is your opinion?

Qualifications Versus Experience: I’m On The Fence
Dorota Giżyńska Qualifications Versus Experience: I’m On The Fence

The job market has transformed drastically over the recent years. In the past, it seemed that the only way to get a well‑paid job was to have some kind of tertiarytertiarytertiary education. Still, a postpostpost requiring highly trained, tech‑savvytech‑savvytech‑savvy people holding degrees with distinctiondegrees with distinction [degree with distinction]degrees with distinction is still the bare minimumbare minimumbare minimum for many organisations. However, for some employers it’s becoming more and more desirable to find candidates who can fit into a new model of work. According to Forbes Human Resources Council, among the skills which are in high demandin high demandin high demand among the potential hireshires (noun) [hire]hires are, among all: curiositycuriositycuriosity, flexibility, resilienceresilienceresilience, readiness to hone your skillshone your skillshone your skills, and critical and survival skills. Can you learn these over the course of education, or do you acquire them while on the job? Making a choice between experience and qualifications is also one of the most difficult decisions that recruitersrecruiters [recruiter] recruiters have to make during the recruitment process. One thing is certain, it should be approached with cautionwith cautionwith caution. I’ve been there and done that myself and I know it’s a tricky business.

A desire for academic performance can revealrevealreveal a lot about how a new hire will perform in a new place of work, as the desire to excel inexcel inexcel in an academic context often translates to the workplace. An individual with a degree who takes part in projects and extracurricular activities is probably someone with initiative, people skills, and a passion for achievement beyond textbooks. This level of commitmentcommitmentcommitment demonstrates the candidate's ambition and drive, implyingimplying [imply]implying that they will likely exceedexceedexceed expectations on projects or assignments. Moreover, you may be more knowledgeableknowledgeableknowledgeable about new technology, legislation, or advancements in your profession if you have recent qualifications. Furthermore, qualified individuals are less likely to have preconceived notionspreconceived notions [preconceived notion]preconceived notions about how to do a task, allowing for applying more innovative ideas and experimentation in the company's procedures.

On the other hand, employees with experience may also possess transferable skillstransferable skills [transferable skill]transferable skills including communication abilities, working in a team, and time management, which can be used in any job. Also, candidates with priorpriorprior experience have the skills, training, and expertiseexpertiseexpertise to make a smooth transition into their new position. They may be able to begin working sooner without undergoing extensive and costly training. Being experienced allows you to graspgrasp (verb)grasp the complexitiescomplexities [complexity]complexities of how a business operates, as well as some of the underlyingunderlyingunderlying regulations that a classroom setting may overlookoverlookoverlook.

While experience and qualifications are distinctdistinctdistinct, they are both critical in the job search. Receiving up‑to‑date training in their area of work can assist a candidate who knows all the ins and outs of the business while someone with years of schooling can put their expertise to work in the real world through projects or internshipsinternships [internship]internships. In fact, employers seekseekseek candidates who have at least some of both,experience and qualifications, on their CVs.

1 Źródło: Dorota Giżyńska , licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 2
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Study the text and choose the correct answers. There can be more than one correct answer. 1. Based on the first paragraph, which sentences are TRUE about the employment process now?
a) Some employers still look for candidates with university education.
b) People who are passionate about something are sought by employers.
c) Candidates are expected to have a new set of skills compared to the past.
d) People who try to find new employees have to do it carefully.

2. What has been suggested about employees with degrees in the second paragraph?
a) They will do their work duties well.
b) They have read a lot of books.
c) They are familiar with the latest changes in the industry.
d) They are bound to have ready-made solutions to problems.

3. Experienced employees
a) have the skills which are useful in different professions.
b) find it easier to learn the ropes.
c) don’t need expensive preparation for a new position.
d) they are expected to get some extra classroom practice.

4. The author of the text concludes that
a) it’s important to set the bar high when you look for a job.
b) experienced employees should update their knowledge regularly.
c) employees need qualified people and candidates with hands-on experience.
d) experience and qualifications are similar in nature.

5. The author of the text
a) has recruited new employees before.
b) regards qualifications to be more important than experience.
c) has read many resumes from candidates.
d) takes a balanced point of view on the matter.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 3
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Match the words to make phrases. degree Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. minimum, 2. expectations, 3. caution, 4. your skills, 5. experience, 6. skills, 7. with distinction, 8. demand bare Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. minimum, 2. expectations, 3. caution, 4. your skills, 5. experience, 6. skills, 7. with distinction, 8. demand transferable Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. minimum, 2. expectations, 3. caution, 4. your skills, 5. experience, 6. skills, 7. with distinction, 8. demand exceed Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. minimum, 2. expectations, 3. caution, 4. your skills, 5. experience, 6. skills, 7. with distinction, 8. demand in high Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. minimum, 2. expectations, 3. caution, 4. your skills, 5. experience, 6. skills, 7. with distinction, 8. demand hone Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. minimum, 2. expectations, 3. caution, 4. your skills, 5. experience, 6. skills, 7. with distinction, 8. demand with Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. minimum, 2. expectations, 3. caution, 4. your skills, 5. experience, 6. skills, 7. with distinction, 8. demand prior Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. minimum, 2. expectations, 3. caution, 4. your skills, 5. experience, 6. skills, 7. with distinction, 8. demand
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 4
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Read the sentences and type in the missing word which has a similar meaning to the one in bold. 1. A     Tu uzupełnij     person is someone who is computer literate. 2. A person who has been given a job is called a(n)     Tu uzupełnij. 3. If you become an expert in something, you     Tu uzupełnij     in it. 4.     Tu uzupełnij     ideas are formed too early, or without enough thought. 5. If you understand how something works, you     Tu uzupełnij     it. 6. If you fail to notice someone, or something, you     Tu uzupełnij     them.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 5
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Study the sentences and type in the correct word which you created from the word in capitals. 1. I don’t need to get a degree with     Tu uzupełnij.     I think soft skills are more important than your qualifications.
DISTINCT

2. Employees are looking for candidates with     Tu uzupełnij     skills like flexibility and being able to work under pressure.
TRANSFER

3. According to     Tu uzupełnij,     it’s not difficult to find the right candidate for the job.
RECRUIT

4. It’s good if you have a high level of     Tu uzupełnij     throughout your employment.
COMMIT

5. We’re looking for candidates with     Tu uzupełnij     and experience in marketing.
EXPERT

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 6

You are preparing a draft of an essay for your social studies in which you’re going to present your opinion about the importance of experience and qualifications in a future job. You’ve read a text about it and made some notes. Use them to write a summary of your essay (about 100 words).

degree with distinction        recruiters       level of commitment                        transferable skills

resilience                   overlook         seek candidates

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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 7

Answer the questions below. Write 2–3 sentences to each question.

  1. What’s more important in a job: experience or qualifications? Justify.

  2. How can you get hands‑on experience?

  3. What transferable skills have you got?

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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Słownik

bare minimum
bare minimum

/ beə ˈmɪnɪməm /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

absolutne minimum (the smallest possible quantity)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
be on the fence (idiom)
be on the fence (idiom)

/ bi ˈɒn ðə fens /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

być niezdecydowanym/niezdecydowaną (not to be able to decide)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
commitment
commitment

/ kəˈmɪtmənt /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

zaangażowanie (the act of being engaged)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
complexities [complexity]
complexities [complexity]

/ kəmˈpleksɪtɪz / / kəmˈpleksɪti /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

złożoności [złożoność] (the state of being complicated)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
curiosity
curiosity

/ ˌkjʊərɪˈɒsɪti /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

ciekawość (strong desire to know something)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
degrees with distinction [degree with distinction]
degrees with distinction [degree with distinction]

/ dɪˈɡriːz wɪð dɪˈstɪŋkʃn̩ / / dɪˈɡriː wɪð dɪˈstɪŋkʃn̩ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

tytuły naukowe z wyróżnieniem [tytuł naukowy z wyróżnieniem] (a degree evaluated higher than average)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
distinct
distinct

/ dɪˈstɪŋkt /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

odmienny/odmienna, odrębny/odrębna (different)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
exceed
exceed

/ ɪkˈsiːd /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wykraczać, przekraczać (go beyond an acceptable level)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
excel in
excel in

/ ɪkˈsel ɪn /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

osiągać w czymś znakomite wyniki (achieve excellent results)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
expertise
expertise

/ ˌekspɜːˈtiːz /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wiedza specjalistyczna (expert knowledge in a particular field)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
grasp (verb)
grasp (verb)

/ ɡrɑːsp /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

pojmować, rozumieć (understand)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
hands‑on experience
hands‑on experience

/ hændz ˈɒn ɪkˈspɪərɪəns /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

doświadczenie praktyczne (experience gained by practice)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
hires [hire] (noun)
hires [hire] (noun)

/ ˈhaɪəz / / ˈhaɪə /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

zatrudnieni pracownicy [osoba zatrudniona] (employed workers)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
hone your skills
hone your skills

/ həʊn jə skɪlz /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

doskonalić swoje umiejętności (improve your skills)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
implying [imply]
implying [imply]

/ ɪmˈplaɪɪŋ / / ɪmˈplaɪ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

sugerując [sugerować] (suggest)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
in high demand
in high demand

/ ɪn ˌhaɪ dɪˈmɑːnd /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wysoce pożądany/pożądana (desired)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
internships [internship]
internships [internship]

/ ˈɪntərnˌʃɪps / / ˈɪntərnˌʃɪp /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

staże [staż] (a period of time when you gain at the job as part of becoming qualified to do it)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
know all the ins and outs (idiom)
know all the ins and outs (idiom)

/ ˈnəʊ ɔ:l ði ɪnz ənd ˈaʊts /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

znać coś od podszewki (idiom) (know sth/sb very well)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
knowledgeable
knowledgeable

/ ˈnɒlɪdʒəbl̩ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

kompetentny/kompetentna (qualified to do sth)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
learn the ropes (idiom)
learn the ropes (idiom)

/ lɜːn ðə rəʊps /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

nauczyć się fachu (learn how to do the job)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
overlook
overlook

/ ˌəʊvəˈlʊk /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

przeoczyć, pomijać (fail to notice)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
post
post

/ pəʊst /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

stanowisko (position at work)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
preconceived notions [preconceived notion]
preconceived notions [preconceived notion]

/ ˌpriːkənˈsiːvd ˈnəʊʃn̩z / / ˌpriːkənˈsiːvd ˈnəʊʃn̩ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

uprzedzenia [uprzedzenie] (an opinion formed on sth/sb before you get enough information about)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
prior
prior

/ ˈpraɪə /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wcześniejszy/wcześniejsza (previous)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
resilience
resilience

/ rɪˈzɪlɪəns /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

odporność (the ability to be happy and successful even after a sad or difficult situation)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
reveal
reveal

/ rɪˈviːl /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

ujawniać (make sth/sb known)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
seek
seek

/ siːk /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

poszukiwać (look for)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
set the bar high (idiom)
set the bar high (idiom)

/ set ðə bɑ:r haɪ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wysoko stawiać poprzeczkę (idiom) (set high standards)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
tech‑savvy
tech‑savvy

/ tek ˈsævi /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

obeznany/obeznana z technologią (well informed about technology)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
tertiary
tertiary

/ ˈtɜːʃəri /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wyższe (o szkolnictwie) (higher education)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
transferable skills [transferable skill]
transferable skills [transferable skill]

/ trænsˈfɜːrəbl̩ skɪlz / / trænsˈfɜːrəbl̩ skɪl /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

umiejętności zbywalne [umiejętność zbywalna] (skills which you can use in different jobs)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
underlying
underlying

/ ˌʌndəˈlaɪɪŋ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

zasadnicze (significant)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
with caution
with caution

/ wɪð ˈkɔːʃn̩ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

z rozwagą (carefully)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY‑SA 3.0

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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.