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E-resource FORESTRY

Źródło: Fundacja na Rzecz Rozwoju Polskiego Rolnictwa / Eduexpert Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Field trip

1. Film in the standard version.

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The forester discusses the plan of an elementary school field trip to the forest with a teacher. They discuss what information the forester should pass on to the children. The forester informs the teacher about basic forest safety rules. Leśniczy omawia z nauczycielką program wycieczki po lesie. Omawiają poszczególne rodzaje informacji jakie ma przekazać leśniczy dzieciom ze szkoły podstawowej. Leśniczy informuje o ogólnych zasadach bezpiecznego zachowania w lesie.

2. Film with subtitles.

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The forester discusses the plan of an elementary school field trip to the forest with a teacher. They discuss what information the forester should pass on to the children. The forester informs the teacher about basic forest safety rules. Leśniczy omawia z nauczycielką program wycieczki po lesie. Omawiają poszczególne rodzaje informacji jakie ma przekazać leśniczy dzieciom ze szkoły podstawowej. Leśniczy informuje o ogólnych zasadach bezpiecznego zachowania w lesie.
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3. Film with subtitles and pauses. Listen and repeat after the speaker.

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The forester discusses the plan of an elementary school field trip to the forest with a teacher. They discuss what information the forester should pass on to the children. The forester informs the teacher about basic forest safety rules. Leśniczy omawia z nauczycielką program wycieczki po lesie. Omawiają poszczególne rodzaje informacji jakie ma przekazać leśniczy dzieciom ze szkoły podstawowej. Leśniczy informuje o ogólnych zasadach bezpiecznego zachowania w lesie.
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4. Film with subtitles and narration.

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The forester discusses the plan of an elementary school field trip to the forest with a teacher. They discuss what information the forester should pass on to the children. The forester informs the teacher about basic forest safety rules. Leśniczy omawia z nauczycielką program wycieczki po lesie. Omawiają poszczególne rodzaje informacji jakie ma przekazać leśniczy dzieciom ze szkoły podstawowej. Leśniczy informuje o ogólnych zasadach bezpiecznego zachowania w lesie.
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classicmobile
Exercise 1
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Solve the exercise. Rozwiąż ćwiczenie.
Source: Fundacja na Rzecz Rozwoju Polskiego Rolnictwa / Eduexpert Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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classicmobile
Exercise 2
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Solve the exercise. Rozwiąż ćwiczenie.
Source: Fundacja na Rzecz Rozwoju Polskiego Rolnictwa / Eduexpert Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Sounds of the forest

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The speaker explains what sounds are made by particular animals: where, when, at what time of the year, at what time of the day, etc., for example: the bellowing of bucks during the rutting season, the barking of deer, the grunting of boars, the calls of cranes. The explanation are supplemented with a picture of every discussed animal. Lektor tłumaczy jakie zwierzę i kiedy wydaje takie dźwięki, o jakiej porze roku np. ryki byków podczas rykowiska, szczekanie rogaczy, chrumkanie dzików, nawoływania żurawi, o jakiej porze dnia, gdzie występuje itp. Przy każdym gatunku zwierzęcia pokazane zostaje zdjęcie.
classicmobile
Exercise 3
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Solve the exercise. Rozwiąż ćwiczenie.
Source: Fundacja na Rzecz Rozwoju Polskiego Rolnictwa / Eduexpert Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Methods of coordinating tourist traffic in forests

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The animation presents the basic ways of coordinating tourist traffic in forests: creating paths and trails for pedestrians and cyclists, putting up information and warning boards, releasing press information, pamphlets, maintaining personal and electronic contact (e-mail, Internet). Animacja przedstawia podstawowe sposoby koordynowania ruchu turystycznego w lesie tj. tworzenie ścieżek i szlaków pieszych czy rowerowych, tablice informacyjne i ostrzegawcze, informacja w prasie, broszury, kontakt osobisty, kontakt elektroniczny (e-mail, Internet).
classicmobile
Exercise 4
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Solve the exercise. Rozwiąż ćwiczenie.
Source: Fundacja na Rzecz Rozwoju Polskiego Rolnictwa / Eduexpert Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Determining the course of an educational path

The hypertext material is a memo from a forester to a forest district manager. The forester informs the forest district manager about an idea of creating an educational path, and thus limiting the anthropopressure on the area. The forester explains where the idea came from, and proposes the course for the path and the small architecture needed to mark it and the necessary equipment. The forester specifies the estimated cost of the task and presents the potential effects of designing the path.

Hipertekst jest notatką służbową leśniczego do nadleśniczego. Leśniczy przekazuje nadleśniczemu informację o zamiarze stworzenia ścieżki edukacyjnej, a tym samym ograniczenie antropopresji. Wyjaśnia skąd wziął się pomysł na stworzenie takiej ścieżki, przedstawia propozycję poprowadzenie trasy oraz małej architektury potrzebnej do jej oznakowania i wyposażenia. Określa szacunkowe koszty realizacji zadania. Przedstawia skutki wykonania ścieżki.

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Forester of the Badyle forestry

Memom284ded67bf52af14_1497279637332_0Memo

To forest district manager

I ask to include the construction of the educational path „Wolf marshm284ded67bf52af14_1497279718401_0marsh” in the tourist development plan. The planned path length is 2.5 km. At the beginning, and at end of the path, there will be two sheltersm284ded67bf52af14_1497279733582_0shelters with benches. In addition, there will be four benches at a distance of 700m from each other.

The path will run along the bank of the „Kamionka” natural reservem284ded67bf52af14_1497279738479_0natural reserve, and continue along the bank of the „Wolf marsh”. After 1500m, the tourists will be able to enter the marsh thanks to a specially built wooden footbridgem284ded67bf52af14_1497279743621_0footbridge. This will allow for the observation of the fauna and flora. A 120m footbridge will allow to cross over to the other side of the marsh so as not to lengthen the path.

The building of thepathm284ded67bf52af14_1497279772536_0pathwill channelm284ded67bf52af14_1497279748379_0channel the current traffic in a way that will protect against uncontrolled penetrationm284ded67bf52af14_1497279753543_0penetration of the area. I also plan to place 24 tables with descriptions on the whole path. There will be pictures of vegetation and animals, as well as of the geologicalm284ded67bf52af14_1497279762480_0geological structure of the area.

Together with the department of the forest inspectorate registrarm284ded67bf52af14_1497279767416_0registrar, we have asked for the costs of carrying out such a project.

The main goal of creating the path is to limit the anthropopressurem284ded67bf52af14_1497279777622_0anthropopressure on this area. In addition, the implementation of such a path in theterrainm284ded67bf52af14_1497279782995_0terrain will enrich its educational offer. It will also make the stay of tourists on the lakes „Oaks” and „Small” more attractive. It will also enable the organization of field tripsm284ded67bf52af14_1497279787842_0field trips for primary school pupils from the forest inspectorate territories and neighboring units.

I would be grateful for the acceptance of this request and for securing the funds for this purpose in the budget of the forest inspectorate.

Faithfully,

Forester of the Badyle forestry.

classicmobile
Exercise 5
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Solve the exercise. Rozwiąż ćwiczenie.
Source: Fundacja na Rzecz Rozwoju Polskiego Rolnictwa / Eduexpert Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Deciding on the location of feeders in a forest

The hypertext material is a dialogue between a forester and a huntsman from a hunting club. The forester informs the hunter about the deer’s presence observed in the forest. In the area, there are young crops, which deer can pose a threat to. The huntsman proposes placing a storage‑feeder in a designated location to minimize the damage in this part of the forest during severe winters. They agree on the date and the way of accomplishing the task.

Hipertekst jest dialogiem leśniczego z łowczym koła łowieckiego. Leśniczy informuje łowczego o zaobserwowanym bytowaniu jeleni w leśnictwie. W okolicy są młode uprawy, którym jelenie mogą zagrozić. Łowczy proponuje postawienie paśnika‑magazynu we wskazanej lokalizacji, aby ograniczyć szkody w tej części lasu, podczas surowych zim. Uzgadniają termin i sposób realizacji zadania.

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Forester: Good morning, mister John.

Huntsman: Hello, mister forester!

Forester: I asked for this meeting in connection with the implementation of the cutting proposal. In the last 3 years, the dwellingm284ded67bf52af14_1497292341857_0dwelling place of the game has changed noticeably. This is especially true for numerous cervidsm284ded67bf52af14_1497292338305_0cervids.

Huntsman: Yes, it's time for action. What do you propose? My fellow hunters have some ideas. As a result of the change of the deer’s dwelling place, they have some suggestions for the location of the feedersm284ded67bf52af14_1497292330786_0feeders and raised stands.

Forester: In the northern part of the forest, I have cut down some of the felling treesm284ded67bf52af14_1497292326285_0felling trees and have made some shelter wood method cuts. After the restoration of the area and fencing it, the number of the deer changed. They no longer dwell in this part, but only move through these branches to **feedm284ded67bf52af14_1497292312053_0feed ** on the surrounding fields. For this reason, two feeders require urgent relocation to other locations. Leaving them in the immediate vicinity will cause damagem284ded67bf52af14_1497292307534_0damage to the established cultivations. The deer have moved to new “bedrooms” in several districts. My observations show that they feel good there. On one side, they are separated by a river, on the other, by a marshm284ded67bf52af14_1497279718401_0marsh. It’s quiet there. The mushroom pickersm284ded67bf52af14_1497292294450_0mushroom pickers don't go there, and the tree stands have a rich understorym284ded67bf52af14_1497292283746_0understory. This provides a rich feed and coverm284ded67bf52af14_1497292278430_0cover.

Huntsman: There’s nothing to add, mister forester. We will move two feeders to districts 234 and 459. We will build a storage‑feederm284ded67bf52af14_1497292272551_0storage‑feeder on the border of the forestry, by the river. The deer feel good in older multi‑story stands. I can promise that the work will be done this month. In addition, we can still build two raised standsm284ded67bf52af14_1497292265719_0raised stands on new cultivations. This will help protect them if the deer want to make a canteen there.

Forester: Great. Thank you for your cooperation.

Huntsman: Thank you too.

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classicmobile
Exercise 6
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Solve the exercise. Rozwiąż ćwiczenie.
Source: Fundacja na Rzecz Rozwoju Polskiego Rolnictwa / Eduexpert Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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The principles of staying in a forest

The hypertext material is an article from a local newspaper. It contains information about the possibilities and rules of using forests, regulated legally in the Forest Act of 28 September 1991.

Hipertekst jest artykułem w gazecie lokalnej. Informacja o możliwościach i zasadach korzystania z lasu, uregulowanych prawnie w Ustawie o lasach z dnia 28 września 1991 r.

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The Principles of staying in a forest

Forests, from the beginning of time, have served people as shelter, have given them food and fuel. When entering this magical place, we should respect its natural beauty and all that is in it. A forest is a living organism. The Forest Actm284ded67bf52af14_1497302764422_0Forest Act of 28 September 1991 introduced restrictions on the use of it. In order for a forest and all of the organisms inhabiting it to serve many generations, everyone should know and follow the prohibitions on behaviorm284ded67bf52af14_1497302754287_0behavior in a forest.

WHAT IS FORBIDDEN IN A FOREST?

• Driving vehicles outside public roads.
• Parking and campingm284ded67bf52af14_1497302748645_0camping outside designated areas.
• Disturbing silence.
Lighting firesm284ded67bf52af14_1497302736917_0Lighting fires and smoking.
• Letting dogs loose.
Scaring offm284ded67bf52af14_1497302733680_0Scaring off, chasing, capturing and killing animals.
• Littering and contaminating soil and water.
• Digging through the ground and disturbing the litterm284ded67bf52af14_1497302728712_0litter.
• Destroying trees, shrubs and other plants.
• Destroying tourist facilities and objects, information boards and signs.

The strictest rules of conduct apply to national parks and nature reservesm284ded67bf52af14_1497279738479_0nature reserves. These are unique places, home to rare plants and animals. Therefore, in national parks all over the world, all of their parts are protected to preserve nature in an unchanged state. Each national parkm284ded67bf52af14_1497302614191_0national park also has a guardm284ded67bf52af14_1497302609415_0guard. It enforces the rules and keeps the visitors safe.

Remember that in forests we are the guests.

We come to forests to visit and we have to behave as guests should:

• Making noisem284ded67bf52af14_1497302603612_0noiseand using sound signals in forests is prohibited. These prohibitions are included in the provisions of the Forest Act. This means that their non‑compliance may be punished by a caution or a finem284ded67bf52af14_1497302598187_0fine.

classicmobile
Exercise 7
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Solve the exercise. Rozwiąż ćwiczenie.
Source: Fundacja na Rzecz Rozwoju Polskiego Rolnictwa / Eduexpert Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Gallery

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Type a word

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Play the game. Zagraj w grę.
Source: Fundacja na Rzecz Rozwoju Polskiego Rolnictwa / Eduexpert Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Dictionary

alder, alders [ˈɔːldə] [singular, noun]
alder, alders [ˈɔːldə] [singular, noun]

olcha

m284ded67bf52af14_1497305024756_0
anthropopressure [ˈanθrəpəʊˈprɛʃə] [singular, noun]
anthropopressure [ˈanθrəpəʊˈprɛʃə] [singular, noun]

antropopresja

m284ded67bf52af14_1497305028963_0
barking [ˈbɑːkɪŋ] [singular, noun]
barking [ˈbɑːkɪŋ] [singular, noun]

szczekanie

m284ded67bf52af14_1497335091175_0
beech, beeches [biːtʃ] [singular, noun]
beech, beeches [biːtʃ] [singular, noun]

buk

m284ded67bf52af14_1497335096649_0
behavior [bɪˈheɪvjə] [singular, noun]
behavior [bɪˈheɪvjə] [singular, noun]

zachowanie

m284ded67bf52af14_1497335101839_0
bellow [ˈbɛləʊ] [singular, noun]
bellow [ˈbɛləʊ] [singular, noun]

ryk

m284ded67bf52af14_1497336395332_0
birch, birches [bəːtʃ] [singular, noun]
birch, birches [bəːtʃ] [singular, noun]

brzoza

m284ded67bf52af14_1497336402048_0
boar, boars [bɔː] [singular, noun]
boar, boars [bɔː] [singular, noun]

dzik

m284ded67bf52af14_1497336417468_0
bonfire [ˈbɒnfʌɪə] [singular, noun]
bonfire [ˈbɒnfʌɪə] [singular, noun]

ognisko

m284ded67bf52af14_1497336426296_0
buck, bucks [bʌk] [singular, noun]
buck, bucks [bʌk] [singular, noun]

byk

m284ded67bf52af14_1497336435646_0
call [kɔːl] [singular, noun]
call [kɔːl] [singular, noun]

zew

m284ded67bf52af14_1497951440522_0
camping [ˈkampɪŋ] [singular, noun]
camping [ˈkampɪŋ] [singular, noun]

biwakowanie

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cervids [ˈsəːvɪds] [plural, noun]
cervids [ˈsəːvɪds] [plural, noun]

jeliniowate

m284ded67bf52af14_1498034373932_0
channel [ˈtʃan(ə)l] [verb]
channel [ˈtʃan(ə)l] [verb]

skanalizować

m284ded67bf52af14_1498035315140_0
channeling [ˈtʃan(ə)lɪŋ] [singular, noun]
channeling [ˈtʃan(ə)lɪŋ] [singular, noun]

skanalizowanie

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clangor [ˈklaŋɡə] [singular, noun]
clangor [ˈklaŋɡə] [singular, noun]

klangor

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click [klɪk] [singular, noun]
click [klɪk] [singular, noun]

mlaskanie

m284ded67bf52af14_1498035827118_0
coordination [kəʊˌɔːdɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n] [singular, noun]
coordination [kəʊˌɔːdɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n] [singular, noun]

koordynacja

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cover, covers [ˈkʌvə] [singular, noun]
cover, covers [ˈkʌvə] [singular, noun]

osłona

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crane, cranes [kreɪn] [singular, noun]
crane, cranes [kreɪn] [singular, noun]

żuraw

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damage [ˈdamɪdʒ] [singular, noun]
damage [ˈdamɪdʒ] [singular, noun]

szkoda

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designated ['dɛzɪgneɪtɪd] [adjective]
designated ['dɛzɪgneɪtɪd] [adjective]

wyznaczony

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destroy [dɪˈstrɔɪ] [verb]
destroy [dɪˈstrɔɪ] [verb]

niszczyć

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doe, does [dəʊ] [singular, noun]
doe, does [dəʊ] [singular, noun]

łania

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dwelling [ˈdwɛlɪŋ] [singular, noun]
dwelling [ˈdwɛlɪŋ] [singular, noun]

bytowanie

m284ded67bf52af14_1498038357148_0
educational route/path, educational routes/paths [ɛdjʊˈkeɪʃ(ə)n(ə)l ruːt/pɑːθ] [phrase]
educational route/path, educational routes/paths [ɛdjʊˈkeɪʃ(ə)n(ə)l ruːt/pɑːθ] [phrase]

ścieżka edukacyjna

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e‑mail [ˈiːmeɪl] [singular, noun]
e‑mail [ˈiːmeɪl] [singular, noun]

poczta elektroniczna

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feed [fiːd] [singular, noun]
feed [fiːd] [singular, noun]

żer

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feeder, feeders [ˈfiːdə] [singular, noun]
feeder, feeders [ˈfiːdə] [singular, noun]

paśnik

m284ded67bf52af14_1498038885595_0
felling tree [fɛlɪŋ triː] [phrase]
felling tree [fɛlɪŋ triː] [phrase]

zrąb

m284ded67bf52af14_1498038979273_0
field trip, field trips [fiːld /trɪp] [singular, noun]
field trip, field trips [fiːld /trɪp] [singular, noun]

zielona lekcja

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fine [fʌɪn] [singular, noun]
fine [fʌɪn] [singular, noun]

mandat

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fir, firs [fəː] [singular, noun]
fir, firs [fəː] [singular, noun]

jodła

m284ded67bf52af14_1498039072609_0
fire [ˈfʌɪə] [adjective]
fire [ˈfʌɪə] [adjective]

pożarowy

m284ded67bf52af14_1498039080933_0
fire [ˈfʌɪə] [verb]
fire [ˈfʌɪə] [verb]

rozniecać

m284ded67bf52af14_1498039521057_0
footbridge, footbridges [ˈfʊtbrɪdʒ] [singular, noun]
footbridge, footbridges [ˈfʊtbrɪdʒ] [singular, noun]

kładka

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Forest Act [ˈfɒrɪst akt] [singular, noun]
Forest Act [ˈfɒrɪst akt] [singular, noun]

ustawa o lasach

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forest parking [ˈfɒrɪst pɑːkɪŋ] [phrase]
forest parking [ˈfɒrɪst pɑːkɪŋ] [phrase]

parking leśny

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forest stratification [ˈfɒrɪst stratɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] [phrase]
forest stratification [ˈfɒrɪst stratɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] [phrase]

budowa warstwowa lasu

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geological [dʒiːəˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l] [adjective]
geological [dʒiːəˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l] [adjective]

geologiczny

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ground cover [ɡraʊnd ˈkʌvə] [singular, noun]
ground cover [ɡraʊnd ˈkʌvə] [singular, noun]

runo leśne

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growl [ɡraʊl] [singular, noun]
growl [ɡraʊl] [singular, noun]

pomruk

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grunting [ɡrʌntɪŋ] [singular, noun]
grunting [ɡrʌntɪŋ] [singular, noun]

chrumkanie

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guard [ɡɑːd] [singular, noun]
guard [ɡɑːd] [singular, noun]

straż

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hornbeam, hornbeams [ˈhɔːnbiːm] [singular, noun]
hornbeam, hornbeams [ˈhɔːnbiːm] [singular, noun]

grab

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huffing [hʌfɪŋ] [singular, noun]
huffing [hʌfɪŋ] [singular, noun]

fuknięcie

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larch, larches [lɑːtʃ] [singular, noun]
larch, larches [lɑːtʃ] [singular, noun]

modrzew

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leaflet, leaflets [ˈliːflɪt] [singular, noun]
leaflet, leaflets [ˈliːflɪt] [singular, noun]

ulotka

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let loose [lɛt luːs] [phrase]
let loose [lɛt luːs] [phrase]

puszczać luzem

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lighting a fire [ˈlʌɪtɪŋ ə ˈfʌɪə] [phrase]
lighting a fire [ˈlʌɪtɪŋ ə ˈfʌɪə] [phrase]

rozniecanie ognia

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litter [ˈlɪtə] [singular, noun]
litter [ˈlɪtə] [singular, noun]

ściółka

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litter [ˈlɪtə] [verb]
litter [ˈlɪtə] [verb]

śmiecić

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make noise [meɪk nɔɪz] [phrase]
make noise [meɪk nɔɪz] [phrase]

hałasować

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marsh [mɑːʃ] [singular, noun]
marsh [mɑːʃ] [singular, noun]

bagno

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meeting, meetings [ˈmiːtɪŋ] [singular, noun]
meeting, meetings [ˈmiːtɪŋ] [singular, noun]

spotkanie

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memo [ˈmɛməʊ] [singular, noun]
memo [ˈmɛməʊ] [singular, noun]

notatka służbowa

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mixed forest, mixed forests [mɪkst ˈfɒrɪst] [phrase]
mixed forest, mixed forests [mɪkst ˈfɒrɪst] [phrase]

las mieszany

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mushroom picker, mushroom pickers [ˈmʌʃrʊm ˈpɪkə] [singular, noun]
mushroom picker, mushroom pickers [ˈmʌʃrʊm ˈpɪkə] [singular, noun]

grzybiarz

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mushroom, mushrooms [ˈmʌʃrʊm] [singular, noun]
mushroom, mushrooms [ˈmʌʃrʊm] [singular, noun]

grzyb

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national park, national parks [ˈnaʃ(ə)n(ə)l pɑːk] [singular, noun]
national park, national parks [ˈnaʃ(ə)n(ə)l pɑːk] [singular, noun]

park narodowy

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nature reserve [ˈneɪtʃə rɪˈzəːv] [singular, noun]
nature reserve [ˈneɪtʃə rɪˈzəːv] [singular, noun]

rezerwat przyrody, uroczysko

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nest, nests [nɛst] [singular, noun]
nest, nests [nɛst] [singular, noun]

gniazdo

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noise [nɔɪz] [singular, noun]
noise [nɔɪz] [singular, noun]

hałas

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order, orders [ˈɔːdə] [singular, noun]
order, orders [ˈɔːdə] [singular, noun]

nakaz

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organist, organists [ˈɔːɡ(ə)nɪst] [singular, noun]
organist, organists [ˈɔːɡ(ə)nɪst] [singular, noun]

organista

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pamphlet, pamphlets [ˈpamflɪt] [singular, noun]
pamphlet, pamphlets [ˈpamflɪt] [singular, noun]

broszura

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path, paths [path, paths] [singular, noun]
path, paths [path, paths] [singular, noun]

ścieżka

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penetration [pɛnɪˈtreɪʃ(ə)n] [singular, noun]
penetration [pɛnɪˈtreɪʃ(ə)n] [singular, noun]

penetracja

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pine, pines [pʌɪn] [singular, noun]
pine, pines [pʌɪn] [singular, noun]

sosna

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plant, plants [plɑːnt] [singular, noun]
plant, plants [plɑːnt] [singular, noun]

roślina

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prohibition [prəʊɪˈbɪʃ(ə)n] [singular, noun]
prohibition [prəʊɪˈbɪʃ(ə)n] [singular, noun]

zakaz

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raised stand, raised stands [reɪzd stand] [singular, noun]
raised stand, raised stands [reɪzd stand] [singular, noun]

ambona

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registrar [ˌrɛdʒɪˈstrɑː] [singular, noun]
registrar [ˌrɛdʒɪˈstrɑː] [singular, noun]

sekretarz

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rumble [ˈrʌmb(ə)l] [verb]
rumble [ˈrʌmb(ə)l] [verb]

rechtać

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scare [skɛː] [verb]
scare [skɛː] [verb]

płoszyć

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shelter, shelters [ˈʃɛltə] [singular, noun]
shelter, shelters [ˈʃɛltə] [singular, noun]

wiata

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smack [smak] [singular, noun]
smack [smak] [singular, noun]

ciamkanie

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social network [ˈsəʊʃ(ə)l ˈnɛtwəːk] [singular, noun]
social network [ˈsəʊʃ(ə)l ˈnɛtwəːk] [singular, noun]

portal społecznościowy

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sounds of nature [saʊndz ɒv ˈneɪtʃə] [phrase]
sounds of nature [saʊndz ɒv ˈneɪtʃə] [phrase]

dźwięki przyrody

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source, sources [sɔːs] [singular, noun]
source, sources [sɔːs] [singular, noun]

źródło

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species [ˈspiːʃɪz] [singular, noun]
species [ˈspiːʃɪz] [singular, noun]

gatunek

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spruce, spruces [spruːs] [singular, noun]
spruce, spruces [spruːs] [singular, noun]

świerk

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stag [staɡ] [singular, noun]
stag [staɡ] [singular, noun]

rogacz

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storage‑feeder, storage‑feeders [ˈstɔːrɪdʒ ˈfiːdə] [singular, noun]
storage‑feeder, storage‑feeders [ˈstɔːrɪdʒ ˈfiːdə] [singular, noun]

paśnik‑magazyn

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stray [stre] [verb]
stray [stre] [verb]

zbaczać

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terrain [tɛˈreɪn] [singular, noun]
terrain [tɛˈreɪn] [singular, noun]

teren

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tree stand, tree stands [triː stand] [singular, noun]
tree stand, tree stands [triː stand] [singular, noun]

drzewostan

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understorey [ˈʌndəstɔːri] [singular, noun]
understorey [ˈʌndəstɔːri] [singular, noun]

podszyt

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understorey and treetop [ˈʌndəstɔːri ənd ˈtriːtɒp] [phrase]
understorey and treetop [ˈʌndəstɔːri ənd ˈtriːtɒp] [phrase]

podszyt i korona drzewa

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warning [ˈwɔːnɪŋ] [singular, noun]
warning [ˈwɔːnɪŋ] [singular, noun]

ostrzeżenie

webpage, webpages [wɛbpeɪdʒ] [singular, noun]
webpage, webpages [wɛbpeɪdʒ] [singular, noun]

strona internetowa

whine [wʌɪn] [si**ngular, noun]
whine [wʌɪn] [si**ngular, noun]

kwik