You will learn to round natural numbers up and down and to identify the difference between approximation and rounding of a natural number.
Learning effect
You round natural numbers up and down and identify the difference between approximation and rounding of a natural number.
Revise the difference between approximation and rounding of a number and rules of rounding natural numbers.
Task 1
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Open the slideshow and observe how we round numbers.
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After having completed the exercise formulate rules about rounding decimal fractions and compare them with information below.
Conclusions:
We round numbers according to the following rules:
If the digit in the place smaller by one than the place to which we round is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, then we round the number down. Then the digit in the place to which we round does not change and smaller places are replaced by zeros. In such case we talk about under‑approximation.
If the digit in the place smaller by one than the place to which we round is 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, then we round the number up. Then the digit in the place to which we round is increased by one and smaller places are replaced by zeros. In such case we talk about over‑approximation.
Using obtained information, fill in the table
Table
Number
Rounding the number to
thousands
hundreds
tens
ones
tenth place
hundredth place
2542.257
5624.325
87451.23
3265.486
Educational game – mathematical domino
Match the domino pieces as fast as possible.
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Task 2
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An extra task:
Arrange numbers in the increasing order.
Table
0.565
0.5555
0.(56)
0.0(6)
0.(5)
0.5(6)
Remember:
Approximations which are numbers smaller than the exact values are under‑approximationsunder‑approximationsunder‑approximations and those than are numbers greater than this values are over‑approximationsover‑approximationsover‑approximations.
In mathematics approximation is done according to strict rules. Then it can be called rounding.
If the digit in the place smaller by one than the place to which we round is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, then we round the number down. Then the digit in the place to which we round does not change and smaller places are replaced by zeros. In such case we talk about under‑approximation.
If the digit in the place smaller by one than the place to which we round is 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, then we round the number up. Then the digit in the place to which we round is increased by one and smaller places are replaced by zeros. In such case we talk about over‑approximation.
Do the revision exercises.
Exercises
Exercise 1
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Exercise 2
Convert common fractions into decimals and give its decimal approximation rounded to thousandths places.
a) b) c)
a)
b)
c)
Exercise 3
Using information below, write the solution and give the answer in English.
The length of the Equator is 40076 km.
The geographical mile is of the length of the Equator.
How many kilometers does the geographical mile have? Round the number to thousandths place.
Exercise 4
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Glossary
hundreds place
hundreds place
rząd setek
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hundredths place
hundredths place
rząd części setnych
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ones place
ones place
rząd jedności
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over‑approximations
over‑approximations
przybliżenia z nadmiarem - przybliżenia, które są liczbami większymi od dokładnej wartości
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rounding down
rounding down
zaokrąglenie z niedomiarem
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rounding up
rounding up
zaokrąglenie z nadmiarem
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tenths place
tenths place
rząd części dziesiątych
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thousands place
thousands place
rząd tysięcy
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thousandths place
thousandths place
rząd części tysięcznych
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under‑approximations
under‑approximations
przybliżenia z niedomiarem - przybliżenia, które są liczbami mniejszymi od dokładnej wartości