Odpowiedz na pytania lub uzupełnij tekst. 1. It's a very fine form of rain with tiny droplets of water., 2. It's an object floating on the surface of water and anchored in a given location, used as a navigation mark or for scientific purposes., 3. A word used to name all atmospheric phenomena occurring at certain time in a given location., 4. A break; in weather forecasts it’s a word which means, for example, a short sunny period on a cloudy day., 5. It's a layer of gases which surrounds a planet., 6. It's one of the methods used for collecting data, which requires looking at something and recording what you can see., 7. It's an adjective that can be used to describe a tendency showing growth or improvement., 8. A word which means a snow strom.
Odpowiedz na pytania lub uzupełnij tekst. 1. It's a very fine form of rain with tiny droplets of water., 2. It's an object floating on the surface of water and anchored in a given location, used as a navigation mark or for scientific purposes., 3. A word used to name all atmospheric phenomena occurring at certain time in a given location., 4. A break; in weather forecasts it’s a word which means, for example, a short sunny period on a cloudy day., 5. It's a layer of gases which surrounds a planet., 6. It's one of the methods used for collecting data, which requires looking at something and recording what you can see., 7. It's an adjective that can be used to describe a tendency showing growth or improvement., 8. A word which means a snow strom.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Exercise2
What weather do you associate with these symbols?
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Cloud, lightning, rain
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Cloud, small droplets
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Sun, cloud
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Cloud, big droplets
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Exercise2
What words and phrases do you associate with the following images? Choose one, two, or all three options.
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Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Exercise3
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Drag the following words and phrases to create collocations weather Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. measurements, 2. -generated, 3. assessment, 4. forecast, 5. interval, 6. trend take Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. measurements, 2. -generated, 3. assessment, 4. forecast, 5. interval, 6. trend risk Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. measurements, 2. -generated, 3. assessment, 4. forecast, 5. interval, 6. trend sunny Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. measurements, 2. -generated, 3. assessment, 4. forecast, 5. interval, 6. trend upward Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. measurements, 2. -generated, 3. assessment, 4. forecast, 5. interval, 6. trend computer Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. measurements, 2. -generated, 3. assessment, 4. forecast, 5. interval, 6. trend
Drag the following words and phrases to create collocations weather Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. measurements, 2. -generated, 3. assessment, 4. forecast, 5. interval, 6. trend take Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. measurements, 2. -generated, 3. assessment, 4. forecast, 5. interval, 6. trend risk Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. measurements, 2. -generated, 3. assessment, 4. forecast, 5. interval, 6. trend sunny Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. measurements, 2. -generated, 3. assessment, 4. forecast, 5. interval, 6. trend upward Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. measurements, 2. -generated, 3. assessment, 4. forecast, 5. interval, 6. trend computer Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. measurements, 2. -generated, 3. assessment, 4. forecast, 5. interval, 6. trend
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Exercise4
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Drag and drop the collocations into the correct places in the sentences. 1. The first stage of the 1. risk assessment, 2. taking measurements, 3. upward trend, 4. sunny intervals, 5. weather forecasting, 6. computer-generated process is 1. risk assessment, 2. taking measurements, 3. upward trend, 4. sunny intervals, 5. weather forecasting, 6. computer-generated.
2. Before an alert is issued, a 1. risk assessment, 2. taking measurements, 3. upward trend, 4. sunny intervals, 5. weather forecasting, 6. computer-generated is performed in order to decide which groups of people and which regions need to be warned about adverse weather conditions.
3. Although these days, weather forecasts are mainly 1. risk assessment, 2. taking measurements, 3. upward trend, 4. sunny intervals, 5. weather forecasting, 6. computer-generated, human participation in the process is still necessary.
4. The morning will be overcast with some drizzle, but we can expect some 1. risk assessment, 2. taking measurements, 3. upward trend, 4. sunny intervals, 5. weather forecasting, 6. computer-generated in the afternoon, so it’s better to postpone any outdoor activities until after 1 p.m.
5. If you look at the reliability of weather forecasts in the last two or three decades, a(n) 1. risk assessment, 2. taking measurements, 3. upward trend, 4. sunny intervals, 5. weather forecasting, 6. computer-generated is clearly visible – they are much more accurate than they used to be.
Drag and drop the collocations into the correct places in the sentences. 1. The first stage of the 1. risk assessment, 2. taking measurements, 3. upward trend, 4. sunny intervals, 5. weather forecasting, 6. computer-generated process is 1. risk assessment, 2. taking measurements, 3. upward trend, 4. sunny intervals, 5. weather forecasting, 6. computer-generated.
2. Before an alert is issued, a 1. risk assessment, 2. taking measurements, 3. upward trend, 4. sunny intervals, 5. weather forecasting, 6. computer-generated is performed in order to decide which groups of people and which regions need to be warned about adverse weather conditions.
3. Although these days, weather forecasts are mainly 1. risk assessment, 2. taking measurements, 3. upward trend, 4. sunny intervals, 5. weather forecasting, 6. computer-generated, human participation in the process is still necessary.
4. The morning will be overcast with some drizzle, but we can expect some 1. risk assessment, 2. taking measurements, 3. upward trend, 4. sunny intervals, 5. weather forecasting, 6. computer-generated in the afternoon, so it’s better to postpone any outdoor activities until after 1 p.m.
5. If you look at the reliability of weather forecasts in the last two or three decades, a(n) 1. risk assessment, 2. taking measurements, 3. upward trend, 4. sunny intervals, 5. weather forecasting, 6. computer-generated is clearly visible – they are much more accurate than they used to be.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Exercise5
Read the blog entry about an experience of extreme weather conditions and complete the gaps in the text with correct translations of the words and phrases in brackets. I never trusted weather forecasts much so that day I ignored the 1. (ostrzeżenie) Tu uzupełnij about severe weather conditions. I thought it would be a great adventure to have a hike in the snow. Well, I couldn't be more wrong. I left home about 9 a.m. The sky was 2. (pochmurne) Tu uzupełnij and 3. (widzialność) Tu uzupełnij was rather poor, but that didn’t discourage me. It was chilly but not freezing, so what wrong could happen, I thought. 4. (Śnieg z deszczem) Tu uzupełnij which started falling about an hour after I set off soon drenched me. When the temperature dropped and it changed into a heavy snowfall, I was freezing cold. And then it got really bad. A 5. (burza śnieżna) Tu uzupełnij hit me hard. It was nearly impossible to find my way, so I just took out my emergency shelter bag and called the mountain rescue team. If it hadn’t been for them, I wouldn't be writing this entry today. My conclusion – take weather forecasts seriously, especially when you plan your outdoor activities.
Read the blog entry about an experience of extreme weather conditions and complete the gaps in the text with correct translations of the words and phrases in brackets. I never trusted weather forecasts much so that day I ignored the 1. (ostrzeżenie) Tu uzupełnij about severe weather conditions. I thought it would be a great adventure to have a hike in the snow. Well, I couldn't be more wrong. I left home about 9 a.m. The sky was 2. (pochmurne) Tu uzupełnij and 3. (widzialność) Tu uzupełnij was rather poor, but that didn’t discourage me. It was chilly but not freezing, so what wrong could happen, I thought. 4. (Śnieg z deszczem) Tu uzupełnij which started falling about an hour after I set off soon drenched me. When the temperature dropped and it changed into a heavy snowfall, I was freezing cold. And then it got really bad. A 5. (burza śnieżna) Tu uzupełnij hit me hard. It was nearly impossible to find my way, so I just took out my emergency shelter bag and called the mountain rescue team. If it hadn’t been for them, I wouldn't be writing this entry today. My conclusion – take weather forecasts seriously, especially when you plan your outdoor activities.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Exercise6
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Use the words in brackets at the end of each sentence to form new words which fit the gaps. 1. In order to provide people with the most up-to-date weather forecasts, Tu uzupełnij of all atmospheric conditions are carried out 24/7. (OBSERVE) 2. Forecasters perform risk Tu uzupełnij for different social groups before they issue alerts about extreme weather conditions. (ASSESS) 3. Scientists take Tu uzupełnij of parameters such as humidity, wind speed, precipitation, and many others, to collect data for supercomputers which process them and create forecasts. (MEASURE) 4. The Tu uzupełnij of weather forecasts has grown significantly in the last three decades. (RELIABLE) 5. Earth’s surface emits Tu uzupełnij which is measured by satellites orbiting the planet. (RADIATE) 6. Mist, fog, and various kinds of precipitation can affect Tu uzupełnij and so motorists should take extra care when they drive. (VISIBLE)
Use the words in brackets at the end of each sentence to form new words which fit the gaps. 1. In order to provide people with the most up-to-date weather forecasts, Tu uzupełnij of all atmospheric conditions are carried out 24/7. (OBSERVE) 2. Forecasters perform risk Tu uzupełnij for different social groups before they issue alerts about extreme weather conditions. (ASSESS) 3. Scientists take Tu uzupełnij of parameters such as humidity, wind speed, precipitation, and many others, to collect data for supercomputers which process them and create forecasts. (MEASURE) 4. The Tu uzupełnij of weather forecasts has grown significantly in the last three decades. (RELIABLE) 5. Earth’s surface emits Tu uzupełnij which is measured by satellites orbiting the planet. (RADIATE) 6. Mist, fog, and various kinds of precipitation can affect Tu uzupełnij and so motorists should take extra care when they drive. (VISIBLE)
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Exercise7
Answer the questions in 4–5 sentences each.
Do you think that the process of weather forecasting will ever be fully computerised and it will be possible to eliminate human involvement from it? Why? Why not?
Do you trust weather forecasts? Why? Why not?
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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
I think we’ve… From just…, to…, to… Human involvement in the process has…, however, it is still… We will definitely… in the future, and…, but I don’t think we will ever… I believe that… with their… and… with their… make a…
I generally… weather forecasts. I know that their… has …significantly in the… and nowadays they are… The fact that… use… with very high… to do… and create… helps a lot. My own experience also shows that… OR I don’t… weather forecasts… I know that… monitor all… very closely and… their…, but my experience shows that… What’s more, climate change makes it…
I think we’ve come a long way in terms of weather forecasting. From just observing nature, to using simple measurement instruments, to applying supercomputers and numerical modelling. Human involvement in the process has decreased over the years, however, it is still indispensable. We will definitely construct better computers in the future and improve measurement techniques and instruments, but I don’t think we will ever fully automate the process. I believe that machines with their computing powers and humans with their intuition and expertise make a perfect team in this case.
I generally trust weather forecasts. I know that their reliability has increased significantly in the last thirty or so years and, nowadays, they are pretty accurate. The fact that meteorologists use supercomputers with very high computing power to do calculations and create models of weather helps a lot. My own experience also shows that what’s shown in forecasts usually occurs in reality. OR I don’t trust weather forecasts an inch. I know that scientists monitor all atmospheric conditions very closely and update their models systematically, but my experience shows that in reality it’s always the opposite to what they have predicted. What’s more, climate change makes it very difficult to create accurate forecasts.
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Exercise8
You’ve just watched a documentary about how weather forecasts are made. Write an article for a school magazine in which you will explain how data for weather forecasts are collected and processed, and write why weather forecasts for the same region can vary.
Your article should have 200–250 words.
Exam tipazurewhite
Obejrzałeś/Obejrzałaś właśnie dokument na temat prognozowania pogody. Napisz artykuł do szkolnej gazetki, w którym wyjaśnisz, w jaki sposób są zbierane i przetwarzane dane o warunkach atmosferycznych, i podasz dwa powody, dla których prognozy dla danego regionu mogą się różnić.
Twój artykuł powinien składać się z 200–250 wyrazów.
Napisz swoją wypowiedź w języku angielskim.
Rozwiń swoją wypowiedź, tak aby osoba nieznająca polecenia w języku polskim uzyskała wszystkie wskazane w nim informacje. Pamiętaj, że długość wypowiedzi powinna wynosić od 200 do 250 wyrazów.
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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Weather Forecasts Nowadays
Creating weather forecasts is … It’s also very important because …
To start from the beginning, first, data about … and many others … Forecasters are interested in parameters such as …
All that information is entered into … On their basis … Although weather forecasting is … Meteorologists …
There has been an … Due to development of …
However, forecasts prepared by different … Also, atmospheric conditions …
Weather Forecasts Nowadays
Creating weather forecasts is a fascinating, but also a very complex process. It’s also very important because people make their decisions on the basis of weather forecasts, and very often these are decisions which affect their businesses and lives.
To start from the beginning, the data about all atmospheric conditions are first constantly collected by means of various scientific instruments. Buoys, aircraft, satellites, and many others take measurements 24/7. Forecasters are interested in parameters such as temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction, and many others.
All that information is entered into supercomputers which perform calculations. On their basis, forecasts are created and adjusted by meteorologists. Although weather forecasting is a highly computerised process these days, the human element hasn’t been eliminated from it. Meteorologists compare computer‑generated predictions with actual observations, perform risk assessments and customise forecasts for different groups of people.
There has been an upward trend when it comes to accuracy of weather forecasts. Due to development of technology, contemporary forecasts are much more reliable than those created 30 years ago.
However, forecasts prepared by different Met Offices for the same region may vary because different computer programmes are used. Also, atmospheric conditions are constantly changing, and adding new information at different times affects the weather models.