Wykonywanie oraz renowacja kamieniarskich elementów architektury
Uzgodnienia dotyczące zakresu prac przy renowacji elementów wykonanych z kamienia
1. Film in the standard version.
2. Film with subtitles.
3. Film with pauses. Listen and repeat.
4. Film with narration.
Renowacja kamieniarskich elementów architektury
Match English terms with their Polish equivalents.Połącz angielskie terminy z ich polskimi odpowiednikami.
elementy nagrobka, wymagające renowacji, stiuk przed konserwacją, kamienne epitafium, piaskowanie części gzymsu, stiuk po konserwacji, nadproża w zabytkowym obiekcie, sztukateria na ścianie, szkodliwa czarna patyna
sandblasting of a part of the cornice | |
harmful black patina | |
elements of the tombstone, requiring renovation | |
lintels in a historical building | |
stucco before maintenance | |
stucco after maintenance | |
stucco on the wall | |
stone epitaph |
Przyczyny zniszczeń kamienia
Match the words to make correct phrases.Połącz wyrazy tak, aby razem stanowiły poprawne zwroty.
<span lang="en">coniferous </span>, <span lang="en">conservation </span>, <span lang="en">cement </span>, <span lang="en">destructive </span>, <span lang="en">surface </span>, <span lang="en">rock-forming elements </span>, <span lang="en">chemical </span>, <span lang="en">air </span>, <span lang="en">stone </span>
desintegration | |
mortar | |
washing | |
binders | |
polluted | |
transformations | |
efforts | |
sealing | |
factors |
Mark the correct answer. Zaznacz prawidłową odpowiedź.
Prawda | Fałsz | |
Destructive factors can be divided into biological and chemical factors. | □ | □ |
Destruction may occur both in the internal stone structure and also on its surface. | □ | □ |
Water is not a destructive factor for elements of architecture made of stone. | □ | □ |
Structural changes consist of the displacement of the stone binder under the influence of chemical transformations. | □ | □ |
The impact of water causes powdering of the stone surface. | □ | □ |
Under the influence of atmospheric gases, various chemical reactions take place in the stone, formation of salt and slow decomposition of stone. | □ | □ |
The most dangerous is the deterioration resulting from industrial air pollution. | □ | □ |
The stone can deteriorate also as a result of use of unprofessional and inappropriate conservation efforts. | □ | □ |
A seriously destructive effect results from the painting of stones with oil paints or from the use of tight mortars. | □ | □ |
Snow acts favorably because it creates a natural protective layer on the surface of the stone. | □ | □ |
Zakres prac przy renowacji elementów kamiennych
Mark the correct answer.Zaznacz prawidłową odpowiedź.
Prawda | Fałsz | |
The method of surface cleaning is selected depending on the type of stone and the type of dirt. | □ | □ |
The safest and at the same time effective technology is cleaning by sandblasting. | □ | □ |
If the shape of the damaged element is not known, a new one should be made according to its concept. | □ | □ |
Reconstruction is about faithful rebuilding, reproduction of the missing element. | □ | □ |
The reconstruction is performed to allow full reception of artistic and aesthetic values of the object. | □ | □ |
Hydrophobization is a procedure that initiates the conservation process. | □ | □ |
The hydrophobization process is performed with a special device. | □ | □ |
If it is not possible to recover the cavity, no renovation works are carried out. | □ | □ |
Before each application, the objects should be cleaned. | □ | □ |
Cleaning of stone elements with a sandblasting machine is applied, but is also often undesirable, as it leads to damage and wear of minor details. | □ | □ |
Zadania
Słownik
/bækˈtɪəriə/ [noun, countable] bakteria
/ˌbaɪ.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl fæk.təsr/ [noun, countable] czynniki biologiczne
/blæk pæt.ɪ.nə/ [noun, uncountable] czarna patyna
/ˈblɪs.tərs/ [noun, countable] spęcherzenia
/sɪˈment/ [noun, uncountable] cement
/ˈkem.ɪ.kəl træns.fəˈmeɪ.ʃəns/ [noun, countable] przemiany chemiczne
/kəˈnɪf.ər.əs baɪn.dərs/ [noun, countable] lepiszcze iglaste
/ˌkɒn.səˈveɪ.ʃən ef.əts/ [noun, countable] zabiegi konserwatorskie
/ˌdiː.fɔːˈmeɪ.ʃəns/ [noun, countable] odkształcenia
/dɪˈstrʌk·tɪv fæk.təs/ [noun, countable] czynniki niszczące
/ˌdɪs.əˈluː.ʃən/ [noun, uncountable] rozpuszczanie
/ˈfʌŋ.ɡai ænd laɪ.kəns/ [noun, countable] grzyby i porosty
/ɪnˈtɜː.nə stəʊn strʌk.tʃər/ [noun, countable] wewnętrzna struktura kamienia
/lɒses/ [noun, countable] ubytki
/məˈkæn.ɪ.kəl fæk.təs/ [noun, countable] czynniki mechaniczne
/ɔɪl peɪnts/ [noun, uncountable] farby olejne
/piːling/ [verb] łuszczenie
/ˈsaɪ.kəʊ kem.ɪ.kəl fæk.təs/ [noun, uncountable] czynniki fizykochemiczne
/pɔɪnting/ [verb] spoinowanie
/pəˈluːtid eər/ [noun, uncountable] zanieczyszczenia powietrze
/ˈpaʊ.dering/ [verb] pudrowanie się
/rɒk fɔːming el·ə·mənts/ [noun, countable] składniki skałotwórcze
/sɒlt ef.ləˈres.əns/ [noun, uncountable] wykwity solne
/steɪns/ [noun, countable] zaplamienia
/stəʊn baɪn.dər/ [noun, countable] lepiszcze kamienia
/stəʊn dɪˌsɪn.tɪˈɡreɪ.ʃən/ [noun, uncountable] dezintegracja kamienia
/sweling/ [verb] pęcznienie
/taɪt ˈmɔː.tərs/ [noun, uncountable] szczelne zaprawy
/ˌʌn.prəˈfeʃ.ən.əl/ [adjective] niefachowe
/ˈwɒʃ.ɪŋ aʊt/ [verb] wymywanie