/ ˈæktɪv vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ /

wulkan aktywny (a volcano that has a recent history of eruptions or is likely to erupt again)

/ ˈɑːftəʃɒk /

wstrząs wtórny (a smaller earthquake following the main shock of a large earthquake)

/ æʃ /

popiół (the powdery residue left after the burning of a substance)

/ ˈæʃ klaʊd /

chmura popiołu (a cloud formed from tiny ash particles and gases blasted from the volcano)

/ əˈsjuːmd / / əˈsjuːm /

przypuszczał/przypuszczała [przypuszczać] (to suppose to be the case, without proof)

/ ˈævəlɑːntʃ /

lawina (a mass of snow, ice, and rocks falling rapidly down a mountainside)

/ blɑːsts / / blɑːst /

eksplozje, wybuchy [eksplozja, wybuch](a destructive wave of highly compressed air spreading outwards from an explosion)

/ bleɪz /

ogromny pożar (a very large or fiercely burning fire)

/ buːm /

huk (a loud, deep, resonant sound)

/ bɜːst bæŋks /

wystąpić z brzegów (when the water rises and goes on to the land)

/ ˈberɪɪŋ / / ˈberi /

grzebiąc [pogrzebać (przysypać kogoś, powodując jego śmierć)](to put or hide underground)

/ ˌkælˈderə /

kaldera (a large volcanic crater, especially one formed by a major eruption leading to the collapse of the mouth of the volcano)

/ ˈkæʒʊəltɪz / / ˈkæʒʊəlti /

ofiary [ofiara](a person killed or injured in a war or accident)

/ tʃʌŋks / / tʃʌŋk /

spore kawałki [spory kawałek](a thick, solid piece of something)

/ ˈkəʊstl̩ ˈeəriəz / / ˈkəʊstl̩ ˈeəriə /

obszary przybrzeżne (an area near the coast)

/ kəˈlæps /

zawalić się(to suddenly fall down or give way)

/ kəˈlaɪd /

zderzać się (to hit by accident when moving)

/ kəʊn /

stożek (a solid or hollow object which tapers from a circular or roughly circular base to a point)

/ kənˈtæmɪneɪtɪd /

zanieczyszczony/zanieczyszczona (having been made impure by exposure to or addition of a poisonous or polluting substance)

/ ˈkreɪtə /

krater(a large bowl‑shaped cavity in the ground or on a celestial object, typically one caused by an explosion or the impact of a meteorite)

/ ˈkʌlmɪneɪtɪŋ / / ˈkʌlmɪneɪt /

kończąc się [kończyć się czymś](to reach a climax or point of highest development)

/ dæm ˈfeɪljə /

awaria tamy (a catastrophic type of structural failure characterized by the sudden, rapid, and uncontrolled release of impounded water)

/ ˈdeɪbriː /

odłamki, gruz (loose natural material consisting especially of broken pieces of rock)

/ dɪˈkriːsɪŋ / / dɪˈkriːs /

zmniejszający/zmniejszająca [zmniejszać](to make or become smaller or fewer in size, amount, intensity, or degree)

/ depθtheta /

głębokość (the distance from the top or surface to the bottom of something)

/ ˈdevəsteɪtɪŋ /

niszczycielski/niszczycielska (highly destructive or damaging)

/ dɪˈzɑːstrəs /

katastrofalny/katastrofalna

/ dɪsˈpleɪst / / dɪsˈpleɪs /

przesiedlony/przesiedlona [przesiedlić]

/ ˈdɔːmənt vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ /

wulkan uśpiony ( a „dormant” volcano is one that is not erupting now)

/ ˈdrɔːbæk /

tu: cofnięcie wody (withdrawal of water)

/ ˈdraʊt /

susza (a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water)

TRANSCRIPTION

uśpiony (o wulkanie) (a „dormant” volcano is one that is not erupting now)

/ draʊnd / / draʊn /

utonął/utonęła [utonąć] (to die through submersion in and inhalation of water)

/ ɪˈdʒektɪd / / ɪˈdʒekt /

wyrzucił/wyrzuciła [wyrzucać] (np. lawę, gaz) (to force or throw sth out in a violent or sudden way)

/ ˈepɪsentə /

epicentrum (the point on the earth's surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake)

/ ɪˈrʌpʃn̩z / / ɪˈrʌpʃn̩ /

erupcje [erupcja] (an act or instance of erupting)

/ ɪkˈstɪŋt /

tu: wygasły (o wulkanie) (no longer being active)

/ fleɪmz / / fleɪm /

płomienie [płomień] (a hot glowing body of ignited gas that is generated by something on fire)

/ flæʃ flʌd /

powódź błyskawiczna (a sudden local flood, typically due to heavy rain)

/ ˈdʒaɪənt weɪvz / / ˈdʒaɪənt weɪv /

ogromne fale [ogromna fala] (a very tall wave)

/ heɪl /

grad (pellets of frozen rain which fall in showers from cumulonimbus clouds)

/ ˈheɪləʊ ɪˈfekts / / ˈheɪləʊ ɪˈfekt /

efekty halo [efekt halo] (a bright ring around the moon appearing after a volcano’s eruption)

/ ˈhiːtweɪv /

fala upałów (a prolonged period of abnormally hot weather)

/ ˌhaɪ ˈdensɪti /

o wysokiej gęstości (having a high concentration)

/ ˈaɪs ˈmeltɪŋ /

topnienie lodu (ice becoming liquified by heat)

/ ɪɡˈnaɪtɪŋ / / ɪɡˈnaɪt /

wzniecając [wzniecać] (to catch fire or cause to catch fire)

/ ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli /

coraz bardziej (more and more)

/ ˈnɒkɪŋ daʊn / / ˈnɒk daʊn /

powalając, przewracając [powalać, przewracać] (to demolish)

/ ˈlændslaɪd /

osuwisko, osunięcie się ziemi (a collapse of a mass of earth or rock from a mountain or cliff)

/ ˈlɑːvə /

lawa (hot molten or semi‑fluid rock erupted from a volcano or fissure)

/ ˈlɑːvə fləʊ /

strumień lawy (a stream of hot molten or semi‑fluid rock erupted from a volcano or fissure)

/ ˈlaɪtn̩ɪŋ /

piorun (the occurrence of a natural electrical discharge of very short duration and high voltage between a cloud and the ground or within a cloud, accompanied by a bright flash and typically also thunder)

/ ləʊ ˌlaɪɪŋ ˈeəriəz / / ləʊ ˌlaɪɪŋ ˈeəriə /

nisko położone obszary [nisko położony obszar] (the areas below the sea level)

/ ˈmæɡmə /

magma (hot fluid or semi‑fluid material below or within the earth's crust from which lava and other igneous rock is formed on cooling)

/ ˈmæɡnɪtjuːd /

wielkość, skala (the great size or extent of something)

/ meɪn vent /

główny odpowietrznik (an opening that allows air, gas, or liquid to pass out of or into a confined space)

/ piːks / / piːk /

szczyty [szczyt] (the pointed top of a mountain)

/ ˈpʌmɪs /

pumeks (a very light and porous volcanic rock formed when a gas‑rich froth of glassy lava solidifies rapidly)

/ ˌpʌɪrəʊˈklastɪk fləʊ /

lawina piroklastyczna (a dense, destructive mass of very hot ash, lava fragments, and gases ejected explosively from a volcano and typically flowing at great speed)

/ ˈreɪnfɔːl /

opady deszczu (the fall of rain)

/ rɪˈzjuːmd / / rɪˈzjuːm /

wznowił/wznowiła [wznawiać] (to start again)

/ ˈrɪktə skeɪl /

skala Richtera (a numerical scale for expressing the magnitude of an earthquake on the basis of seismograph oscillations)

/ ˈsaɪzməɡrɑːf /

sejsmograf (an instrument that measures and records details of earthquakes, such as force and duration)

/ ˈʃætərɪŋ / / ˈʃætə /

roztrzaskując [roztrzaskiwać] (to break or cause to break suddenly and violently into pieces)

/ sləʊp /

zbocze (a surface of which one end or side is at a higher level than another)

/ ˌsəʊlə ˌreɪdɪˈeɪʃn̩ /

promieniowanie słoneczne (a general term for the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun)

/ spel /

krótki okres (a period of time for which an activity or condition lasts continuously)

/ spred /

rozszerzać się (to extend over a large or increasing area)

/ streɪt /

cieśnina (a narrow passage of water connecting two seas or two other large areas of water)

/ səbˈmɜːdʒd / / səbˈmɜːdʒ /

zatopił się/ zatopiła się [zatapiać się] (to cause sth to be under water)

/ swiːp θthetaruː /

przetaczać się (to move across something swiftly or forcefully)

/ tekˈtɒnɪk pleɪts / / tekˈtɒnɪk pleɪt /

płyty tektoniczne [płyta tektoniczna](massive slab of solid rock made up of earth's lithosphere)

/ ˈθthetaʌndə /

grzmot (a loud rumbling or crashing noise heard after a lightning flash due to the expansion of rapidly heated air)

/ ˈθthetaʌndəstɔːm /

burza z piorunami (a storm with thunder and lightning and typically also heavy rain or hail)

/ ˈtreməz / / ˈtremə /

wstrząsy [wstrząs](an involuntary quivering movement)

/ ˌʌnɪnˈhæbɪtɪd /

niezamieszkały/niezamieszkała(without inhabitants)

/ ˈɜːbən flʌd /

powódź miejska, powódź na obszarze miejskim(a flood within a city)

/ ˈvɪktɪmz / / ˈvɪktɪm /

ofiary [ofiara] (a person harmed, injured, or killed as a result of a crime, accident, or other event or action)

/ ˈwɔːtəbɔːn dɪˈziːzɪz / / ˈwɔːtəbɔːn dɪˈziːz /

choroby przenoszone przez wodę [choroba przenoszona przez wodę] (caused by drinking or bathing in water contaminated by disease‑causing microbes or pathogens)

/ ˈwaɪldfaɪəz / / ˈwaɪldfaɪə /

pożar obszarów naturalnych (a large, destructive fire that spreads quickly over woodland or brush)

/ waɪpt ˈaʊt / / waɪp ˈaʊt /

zmiótł/zmiotła z powierzchni ziemi [zmieść z powierzchni ziemi] (to eliminate something completely)

/ riːk ˈhævək /

siać spustoszenie (to cause damage, disruption, or destruction)