Ilustracja interaktywna

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In this section, you are going to learn names of instruments used in an orchestra and names of musicians playing them. Did you know that a piano is like a human body because it requires 7,500 parts to work in perfect unison? If even one of these parts is not fully functional, the piano could go out of tune. Now go to the interactive illustration and see how many of the instruments you can already name.

W tej sekcji poznasz nazwy instrumentów używanych w orkiestrze oraz muzyków, którzy na nich grają. Czy wiesz, że fortepian przypomina ludzkie ciało – pod tym względem, że składa się z części (aż 7500!), które działają w idealnej harmonii? W przypadku, gdy choćby jedna z tych części nie będzie w pełni funkcjonalna, fortepian może fałszować. Zapoznaj się z ilustracją interaktywną i sprawdź, które instrumenty potrafisz nazwać.

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Zdjęcie przedstawia koncert orkiestry. Na pierwszym planie widzimy plecy dyrygenta ubranego we frak. Przed nim siedzą kobiety grające na skrzypach, które przesłaniają kolejnych członków orkiestry. — The live concert is a real feast for music lovers
Koncert na żywo to prawdziwa uczta dla miłośników muzyki
Źródło: dostępny w internecie: https://pexels.com/ [dostęp 19.01.2024], domena publiczna.

Exercise 1

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Which instrument is NOT typical for a given type of music? Choose the correct option. 1. Jazz music:
a) saxophone
b) flute
c) piano

2. Heavy metal music:
a) percussion
b) bass guitar
c) accordion

3. Electronic music:
a) harmonica
b) synthesiser
c) piano

4. Country music:
a) harmonica
b) guitar
c) saxophone

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Work with the interactive ilustration. First, learn about different groups of instruments, their names and musicians who play them. Then do the exercises below.

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Woodwind instruments, also called wind instruments, are those which require a stream of blown air to play notes. Most woodwinds have a mouthpiece with a thin piece of material that vibrates when the air passes. We call these instruments woodwinds because the original ones were made of wood, although today many of them are made of metal or plastic.

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Nagranie dostępne pod adresem https://zpe.gov.pl/a/Dyu2SZ7FJ

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Nagranie dźwiękowe

TRANSCRIPTazurewhite

The flute is the oldest instrument to play notes. A vulture‑bone flute found in a cave in Germany is thought to date back at least 35,000 years!

Brass instrumentsazurewhite

In brass instruments, the vibration is created by the lips of a musician, when they are pressed against the mouthpiece while the air is blown. Most brass instruments are made of brass and they create a very loud sound.

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Nagranie dostępne pod adresem https://zpe.gov.pl/a/Dyu2SZ7FJ

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Nagranie dźwiękowe

TRANSCRIPTazurewhite

Brass instruments are used in many kinds of music: in big bands, classical orchestras, jazz, and of course in marching bands, as they can be played loudly without using electrical amplification.

Stringsazurewhite

String instruments make sounds and notes by vibrating. Musicians make the strings vibrate by rubbing a bow against them, striking them, or plucking them. However, to make a musical sound, it needs to be amplified, and the part of an instrument which does it is called the soundbox, or the resonator.

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Nagranie dostępne pod adresem https://zpe.gov.pl/a/Dyu2SZ7FJ

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Nagranie dźwiękowe

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The strings are usually made from nylon thread or steel wire, while bows mostly use horse hair. Fine bows for violins can use up to 150 horse hairs!

Percussionazurewhite

Percussion instruments make sound by being shaken, rubbed, or hit. They create a steady beat, or rhythm, which makes you want to get up and move. Out of all instrument groups, the percussion family is the most numerous.

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Nagranie dostępne pod adresem https://zpe.gov.pl/a/Dyu2SZ7FJ

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Nagranie dźwiękowe

TRANSCRIPTazurewhite

Percussion instruments have strong ceremonial, sacred, or symbolic associations in almost all cultures. Another well‑known function of beating the drums is for war. A communication system of coded drum messages for soldiers played a very important role in Mediaeval and Renaissance Europe. Drums were also used to send messages over long distances between villages in Africa and India.

Keyboardsazurewhite

Any musical instrument on which different notes are sounded by pressing the keys, buttons, or parallel levers is called a keyboard instrument. The keys usually correspond to consecutive notes in the chromatic scale.

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Nagranie dostępne pod adresem https://zpe.gov.pl/a/Dyu2SZ7FJ

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Nagranie dźwiękowe

TRANSCRIPTazurewhite

A piano, which is usually put in the keyboard instruments category, is technically a stringed instrument, played percussively. It was first called gravicembalo col piano e forte, which can be roughly translated to “soft and loud keyboard instrument.”

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Instruments in an orchestra
Instrumenty w orkiestrze
Źródło: dostępny w internecie: www.freepik.com [dostęp 15.03.2022], domena publiczna.

Exercise 2

Match the definitions with the correct names of the musicians.

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Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Exercise 2

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Based on the information from the interactive illustration, write the correct names of the musicians playing the instruments.

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Exercise 3

Drag the missing words in the text.

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Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Exercise 3

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Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Exercise 4

Answer the questions. Write 2‑3 sentences to each question.

Which musical instrument would you like to learn to play and why?
Which instrument do you find the most difficult to play and why?

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(Uzupełnij).

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

I would like to learn to play…, because… and this instrument is… I think that this ability would also…
I would say that playing… seems to be quite difficult. You need to…, and…, so I guess it might require…

I would like to learn to play the drums, because drummers look really cool and this instrument is the key instrument in most bands. I think that this ability would also make me more popular.
I would say that playing woodwinds seems to be quite difficult. You need to blow the air with a certain force, and press the correct buttons or holes at the same time, so I guess it might require special skills.

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