E-resource FORESTRY
Responsibilities of the forest service team during raw material harvesting
1. Film in the standard version.
![](https://static.zpe.gov.pl/portal/f/res-minimized/R1NQF8v3uJAdu/1/8G0CuxVsYiAXthRbM7CuQUTIOQsRi7Rl.jpg)
Film dostępny na portalu epodreczniki.pl
The forester and the deputy forester summarize the inspection of the proper preparation and protection of the felling site. They have checked if warning boards were placed on the spot. They have also checked if the workers were wearing protective clothing and hard hats. They have also checked the distances between working groups and the first aid kit. They write down whether the difficult and dangerous trees were removed first. They also talk about the quantity and assortment of the received wood. Leśniczy z podleśniczyną podsumowują kontrolę prawidłowego przygotowania i zabezpieczenia obszaru zrębu. Sprawdzili, czy zamontowano tablicę ostrzegającą. Sprawdzają też odzież ochronną, kaski, odległości między grupami roboczymi, apteczkę. Odnotowują czy w pierwszej kolejności usunięto drzewa trudne i niebezpieczne. Zliczają ilość i sortyment odebranego drewna.
2. Film with subtitles.
![](https://static.zpe.gov.pl/portal/f/res-minimized/RSfoWcEttHNgp/1/1xEXb1swmr7PKcQNFFTwklQWezp0e5wN.jpg)
Film dostępny na portalu epodreczniki.pl
The forester and the deputy forester summarize the inspection of the proper preparation and protection of the felling site. They have checked if warning boards were placed on the spot. They have also checked if the workers were wearing protective clothing and hard hats. They have also checked the distances between working groups and the first aid kit. They write down whether the difficult and dangerous trees were removed first. They also talk about the quantity and assortment of the received wood. Leśniczy z podleśniczyną podsumowują kontrolę prawidłowego przygotowania i zabezpieczenia obszaru zrębu. Sprawdzili, czy zamontowano tablicę ostrzegającą. Sprawdzają też odzież ochronną, kaski, odległości między grupami roboczymi, apteczkę. Odnotowują czy w pierwszej kolejności usunięto drzewa trudne i niebezpieczne. Zliczają ilość i sortyment odebranego drewna.
3. Film with subtitles and pauses. Listen and repeat after the speaker.
![](https://static.zpe.gov.pl/portal/f/res-minimized/RIgOl329pBbk0/1/LYXRQwG8qVnOrcS8Gb3vua3T1QkPE4kO.jpg)
Film dostępny na portalu epodreczniki.pl
The forester and the deputy forester summarize the inspection of the proper preparation and protection of the felling site. They have checked if warning boards were placed on the spot. They have also checked if the workers were wearing protective clothing and hard hats. They have also checked the distances between working groups and the first aid kit. They write down whether the difficult and dangerous trees were removed first. They also talk about the quantity and assortment of the received wood. Leśniczy z podleśniczyną podsumowują kontrolę prawidłowego przygotowania i zabezpieczenia obszaru zrębu. Sprawdzili, czy zamontowano tablicę ostrzegającą. Sprawdzają też odzież ochronną, kaski, odległości między grupami roboczymi, apteczkę. Odnotowują czy w pierwszej kolejności usunięto drzewa trudne i niebezpieczne. Zliczają ilość i sortyment odebranego drewna.
4. Film with subtitles and narration.
![](https://static.zpe.gov.pl/portal/f/res-minimized/Rw9xRVqDAkk1n/1/2PPZktCjDxhaNN8u8j2aICbWRPITDewH.jpg)
Film dostępny na portalu epodreczniki.pl
The forester and the deputy forester summarize the inspection of the proper preparation and protection of the felling site. They have checked if warning boards were placed on the spot. They have also checked if the workers were wearing protective clothing and hard hats. They have also checked the distances between working groups and the first aid kit. They write down whether the difficult and dangerous trees were removed first. They also talk about the quantity and assortment of the received wood. Leśniczy z podleśniczyną podsumowują kontrolę prawidłowego przygotowania i zabezpieczenia obszaru zrębu. Sprawdzili, czy zamontowano tablicę ostrzegającą. Sprawdzają też odzież ochronną, kaski, odległości między grupami roboczymi, apteczkę. Odnotowują czy w pierwszej kolejności usunięto drzewa trudne i niebezpieczne. Zliczają ilość i sortyment odebranego drewna.
On the basis of the film “Responsibilities of the forest service team during raw material harvesting”, complete the sentences. Na podstawie filmu „Obowiązki służby leśnej przy pozyskaniu surowca”, uzupełnij zdania.
proper, protocol, loggers, logging, felling site, warning boards, snaps, treetops
The forester summarizes the inspection of the proper preparation and protection of the .............................
After the inspection of the site, a ............................ needs to be written.
In order to properly secure the area, ............................ need to be placed.
Each of the ............................ needs to have protective clothing, safe footwear and a hard hat.
The ............................ distance was maintained between individual sawyers.
During ............................ , difficult and dangerous trees were removed first.
After the hurricane, there were many wind ............................ and wind throws in district 123.
Entire ............................ were on the ground, or were hanging down in the middle of the tree height.
After watching the film “Responsibilities of the forest service team during raw material harvesting”, solve the crossword with the English translations of the provided words. Po obejrzeniu filmu „Obowiązki służby leśnej przy pozyskaniu surowca”, rozwiąż krzyżówkę wpisując angielskie tłumaczenie podanych wyrazów.
- wycinka
- złom
- pilarz
- korony drzew
- drwal
- protokół
- korzenie
- wywrot
- obuwie
- niebezpieczne
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Wood classification
![](https://static.zpe.gov.pl/portal/f/res-minimized/R183WCwSVpkN4/1/2aXbiMMFwSgOapBuJZ9Hx7238WY5uOAR.jpg)
Film dostępny na portalu epodreczniki.pl
The animation presents wood classification. Animacja przedstawia klasyfikacje drewna.
After watching the voice-over animation “Wood classification”, decide whether the sentences are true or false. Po obejrzeniu animacji z lektorem „Klasyfikacja drewna”, zdecyduj, czy twierdzenia są prawdziwe, czy nie.
Prawda | Fałsz | |
Wood material is classified based on quality and dimension. | □ | □ |
When creating the measurement system, the structure and quality of the tree stands, the harvest technology, and the method of wood transport were all taken into account. | □ | □ |
Medium-sized trees are divided according to quality class into special wood and sawmill wood. | □ | □ |
Large-sized wood is also divided into three thickness classes, measured in the middle of the length of a given wood piece. | □ | □ |
The number that specifies the thickness class is placed before the assortment code. | □ | □ |
So-called mine timber is used to build drifts in mines or, to make lumber. | □ | □ |
Medium-sized wood is round, with the minimal diameter of 5 cm at the upper end, and the maximum lower diameter of up to 15 cm, without bark. | □ | □ |
Small-sized wood assortments are typically used as firewood, and to make boards or chips. | □ | □ |
Major products and by‑products
![](https://static.zpe.gov.pl/portal/f/res-minimized/RVhcj4ehpZp2Z/1/2JPEZdlTZRbpwO0SWHAgSQKWkOl3OCVL.jpg)
Film dostępny na portalu epodreczniki.pl
The animation presents the main division of forest products into major ones (wood) and by-products. Materiał przedstawia podział użytków leśnych na główne - drewno i uboczne.
Selecting transport means for the wood assortment
The hypertext material is a dialogue between a forester and a client. The client has bought sawmill coniferous long log and sawmill logs of deciduous wood. The client is asking the forester about the type of transport that should be ordered for the wood. The forester explains the differences between vehicles used for different assortments.
Hipertekst jest dialogiem leśniczego i klientki. Klientka kupiła drewno tartaczne iglaste dłużycowe oraz drewno tartaczne liściaste kłodowane. Pyta leśniczego jaki transport zamówić do wywozu. Leśniczy wyjaśnia różnice między pojazdami do poszczególnych sortymentów.
Client: Good morning, mister forester.
Forester: Good morning. How can I help you?
Client: I have just visited the bank where I have paid all of the fees for the wood prepared for me. Could you please tell me what transporttransport I should orderorder?
Forester: Long sawmill log wood will need a stake vehicle with a semitrailersemitrailer and a hydraulichydraulic cranecrane. The vehicle will transport all of the wood you have purchased in a single trip.
Client: That’s great news. And what about the log wood?
Forester: For the deciduous logged wood, you will need a car with a trailer with stakesstakes, and a hydraulic crane.
Client: And why can’t I use a single vehicle?
Forester: The sawmill pine wood consists of pieces up to 14 linear meters long. Whereas the deciduous loggedlogged wood is shorter: 4.5 to 6.5 linear meters long. The logged wood will be transported by car where the stakes are more densely placed. This allows for the transport of stack assortments 2.5 linear meters long, or longer.
Client: Mister forester, I have already pre‑arranged a car to transport the pine wood. The driverdriver will call you tomorrow morning. As for the car for the short assortment, I would be grateful if you could recommend a carriercarrierto me. By the way, was ordering log wood the right thing to do? If I hadn’t, one transport would be enough.
Forester: It was definitely the right thing to do. Now, you don’t have to manipulate the needed lengths at the squaresquare after transport. According to my calculations, the logs will all be taken in a single trip. Here are the phone numbers of a few carriers. I highly recommend them. They are all worth calling.
Client: Thank you and see you.
Forester: Goodbye. I’ll be waiting for the carriers to contact me.
On the basis of the hypertext “Selecting transport means for the wood assortment”, connect the words into pairs. Na podstawie hipertekstu „Dobór środka transportowego do sortymentu drzewnego”, połącz wyrazy w pary.
assortments, a transport, driver, logs, crane, vehicle, the length, wood
sawmill | |
ordering | |
stake | |
hydraulic | |
deciduous | |
stacked | |
vehicle | |
manipulating |
Planning cuts in intial and final harvesting sites
A forester explains the method of harvesting mass in final and initial harvesting cuts in the current forest management plan. The forester informs that the area of the initial harvesting cuts proposed by the deputy forester needs to be increased by about one tenth of the area’s size. Together with the deputy forester they take into consideration the urgency of the intermediate treatments and select the appropriate area. They verify the harvested mass.
Leśniczy wyjaśnia zasadę naboru masy w cięciach przedrębnych i rębnych i w aktualnym planie urządzania lasu. Informuje, że zaproponowany przez podleśniczynę rozmiar powierzchniowy cięć przedrębnych trzeba zwiększyć do minimum 1/10 rozmiaru operatowego. Wspólnie z podleśniczyną uwzględniają pilność zabiegów i dobierają powierzchnię. Weryfikują otrzymany etat masowy.
Forester: Miss Barbara, have you prepared the area report for the initial harvestinginitial harvestingsitessites according to the urgency of the intermediate treatmentsintermediate treatments?
Deputy forester: Yes, I have the report. It seems that on the selected areas we have a large mass to harvestharvest.
Forester: I have expected that. I think we will obtain the needed massmass size faster than the needed area size.
Deputy forester: Really? Why?
Forester: It’s the result of the species compositionsspecies compositions on the post‑arable landspost‑arable lands with a lot of larch, spruce and pine. However, we have to add some area from the initial harvesting sites to obtain one tenth of the area size.
Deputy forester: What districts do you suggest?
Forester: I went once more to districts 123b, 135d and 154c yesterday. That’s a total area of 45 ha with early thinningthinning to be done. We have to go there next year to harvest birch and alder. I have done the last treatment too lightly. I see it now. The beech needs more light.
Deputy forester: After adding those areas, the area size will be right. But as far as the mass is concerned, we will have 300 cubic meters too much in the finalfinal and initial harvesting sites.
Forester: That’s why we will cross out felling site 314d at the final harvesting site from our proposal. That way we will obtain the right mass and area size in the initial and final harvesting sites.
Deputy forester: Why should we do it that way?
Forester: Because the most important thing is to correctly tend to the younger age classesage classes II and III. Our task is to create the optimal conditions for the growth and mass acquisition of the growing trees. It’s not a problem to leave mature tree stands standing for a year or two. In mature tree stands, we mainly monitor the sanitary conditions and maintain the cover and the stocking.
After familiarizing yourself with the hypertext “Planning cuts in initial and final harvesting sites”, match the Polish sentences with their translations. Po zapoznaniu się z hipertekstem „Planowanie cięć w użytkach przedrębnych i rębnych”, połącz polskie zdania z ich tłumaczeniami.
It’s an area report for the initial harvesting sites according to the urgency of the intermediate treatments., Please, select the areas with early thinning from the plan., In mature tree stands, we mainly monitor the sanitary conditions and maintain the cover and the stocking., The methods of harvesting mass are in the current forest management plan., The correct tending to younger age classes II and III creates the optimal conditions for the growth and mass acquisition of the trees., Thanks to the species compositions on the post-arable lands, we will quickly obtain the needed mass size., In the initial and final harvesting sites, we will obtain very good harvesting results., We have a lot of mass to harvest next year.
Zasady naboru masy znajdują się w aktualnym planie urządzania lasu. | |
To jest zestawienie powierzchni w użytkach przedrębnych przygotowane pod względem pilności zabiegów pielęgnacyjnych. | |
W przyszłym roku mamy do pozyskania dużo masy. | |
Ze względu na skład gatunkowy na gruntach porolnych szybko uzyskamy potrzebny rozmiar masowy. | |
Proszę wybrać z planu urządzania lasu powierzchnie z trzebieżami wczesnymi. | |
W użytkach rębnych i przedrębnych uzyskamy bardzo dobre wyniki pozyskania. | |
Właściwa pielęgnacja młodszych klas wieku II i III stwarza drzewom optymalne warunki wzrostu i naboru masy. | |
W dojrzałych drzewostanach pilnujemy głównie stanu sanitarnego oraz utrzymujemy zwarcie i zadrzewienie. |
Felling direction and the skidding direction
The hypertext material is an email to a forest service company. A deputy forester informs a sawyer that the felling direction should enable the planned direction of the skidding to the exit road. The deputy forester also draws the sawyer’s attention to the fact that in the northern part of the felling site the trees are tilted towards the high‑voltage lines and have to be cut down in the opposite direction to the felling direction.
Hipertekst jest e‑mailem do Zakładu Usług Leśnych. Podleśniczyna instruuje pilarza, aby kierunek obalania na zrębie umożliwił zaplanowany kierunek zrywki do drogi wywozowej. Zwraca uwagę, że w części północnej zrębu drzewa przechylone są na linie wysokiego napięcia i muszą być ścinane odwrotnie do kierunku obalania.
Hello, mister Anthony,
We will start to harvestharvest the sawmill material at the felling site in district 543d tomorrow. I know that you already have a lot of experience as a sawyer. However, let me remind you the rules regarding the felling directionfelling direction and skiddingskidding in that area.
When determining the felling direction, we need to consider a lot of elements: the main inclineincline and the topography. The direction of the natural tree tilttilt in the tree stand results from the direction of the prevailing winds. The topography of the area includes the number of difficult trees, for example, too tilted ones, forest wall trees or trees along high‑voltage lines.
Once the felling direction is determined, we first remove trees that are too tilted and the dangerous wind snapswind snaps and wind throwswind throws.
When those are removed, we move on to the proper tree fellingfelling with the determined felling direction. It’s important not only during felling, but it also allows for a fast and safe skidding of the harvested assortments.
Finally, we cut down the trees growing along the high‑voltage lineshigh‑voltage lines. We remove those trees using the LKT 81 skidding tractorskidding tractor and secure them with rope. That’s because we will be stacking them in the opposite direction to the determined general felling direction. We have no other choice.
It would be best if all of thesawyerssawyers tried to stack the individual pieces in accordance with the determined felling direction. It will facilitate the limbinglimbing.
I hope everything will go smoothly tomorrow.
Best regards.
After familiarizing yourself with the hypertext “Felling direction and the skidding direction”, decide whether the sentences are true or false. Po zapoznaniu się z hipertekstem „Kierunek obalania a kierunek zrywki”, zdecyduj, czy twierdzenia są prawdziwe, czy nie.
Prawda | Fałsz | |
Next week, the harvest of the sawmill material will start. | □ | □ |
There is nothing that needs to be remembered before the logging starts. | □ | □ |
When determining the skidding direction, the topography and the main incline need to be considered. | □ | □ |
The felling direction should be adjusted to the planned skidding direction towards the exit route. | □ | □ |
First, trees that are too tilted and the dangerous wind snaps and wind throws are removed. | □ | □ |
The proper tree felling begins after the obstacles are removed. | □ | □ |
Trees growing along the high-voltage lines are removed using a chainsaw. | □ | □ |
The individual pieces should be stacked in accordance with the determined felling direction which will facilitate the limbing. | □ | □ |
Gallery
Typos
![](https://static.zpe.gov.pl/portal/f/res-minimized/R19mhlJUhX4Ot/1/2JVmMh2JLC7zZMmzu0YeAXVDpttCvtvt.jpg)
Zasób interaktywny dostępny pod adresem https://zpe.gov.pl/a/DpkiHZ24k
Dictionary
klasa wieku
poroże
powierzchnia
sortyment
kora
jagody
sok brzozowy
sitowie
przewoźnik
celuloza
zrębek
klasyfikacja
żuraw
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kierowca
dziki bez
grodzenie
ścinka
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zrąb
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opał
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użytki leśne
zakład usług leśnych
pozyskanie
wysokość
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miód
hydrauliczny
nachylenie
przedrębny
kontrola
zabieg pielęgnacyjny
wielkowymiarowy
liście
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ściółka
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drwal
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paleta
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pilarz
nasiona
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drobnica gałęziowa
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skład gatunkowy
choinka
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